甲酸膠體防治蜂蟹蟎之藥效評估

Effect of formic acid gel for control of Varroa destrctor

吳姿嫺(Wu, Tzu-Hsien) ； 徐培修(Pei-Shou Hsu) ； 陳本翰(Pen-Han Chen) ； 陳昶璋(Chang-Chang Chen)

《苗栗區農業改良場研究彙報》 8期 (2019/12) Pp. 33-45

摘要

蜂蟹蟎（Varroa destructor）是威脅全球西洋蜜蜂（Apis mellifera）養殖業最嚴重的外寄生性害蟎。本試驗是以苗栗區農業改良場自行研發之甲酸膠體（formic acid gel）分別於2016年秋季、2017年春季及夏季進行蜂蟹蟎防治之田間藥效試驗，以探討甲酸膠體劑在臺灣作為蜂蟹蟎輪替用藥之可行性。試驗結果顯示施用12.5公克、25公克甲酸膠體在春、秋兩季，具蜂蟹蟎防治成效，施用50公克在春、夏兩季可亦有防治效果。以秋季施用25公克甲酸膠體蜂蟹蟎落蟎率達86.25%最佳；春季最佳施用劑量為50公克甲酸膠體，落蟎率可達73.84％；夏季50公克甲酸膠體落蟎率可達75.91％。觀察試驗期間蜜蜂族群消長，結果顯示施用12.5、25及50公克甲酸膠體對蜂群皆無負面影響。總論本試驗所施用之甲酸膠體劑於臺灣蜂場測試藥效結果，適合在秋季取代現行福化利藥籤劑，具作為蜂蟹蟎整合性防治輪替用藥之潛力。

關鍵字

西洋蜜蜂 ； 甲酸膠體 ； 蜂蟹蟎 ； 輪替藥劑

並列摘要

The Varroa destructor is the most serious ectoparasitic mite of Apis mellifera, and threatens the apiculture industry in the world. In order to understanding the possibility of this formic acid gel as the alternative miticides for varroa mite control in Taiwan, the formic acid gel, which was developed by Miaoli District Agricultural Research and Extension Station for varroa mite control, was evaluated in the autumn of 2016, the spring of 2017 and the summer of 2017. The result showed that proper varroa mite control efficiency was achieved in the treatments, which exposed to 12.5g and 25g formic acid gel in spring and autumn, and 50g formic acid gel in spring and summer. In the autumn, the control efficiency in 25g formic acid gel was 86.25%. The best application dosage in spring was 50g formic acid gel and the control rate was 73.84%. The control efficiency was about 75.91% in 50g formic acid gel in summer. In observation, all the treatments of formic acid gel did not have any negative effect on the colonies. The results suggested the formic acid gel are suitable for replacing the recommended miticide, tau-fluvalinte in the autumn. Formic acid gel has potential as an alternative miticide for integrated control of varroa mites.

並列關鍵字

Apis mellifera ； formic acid gel ； Varroa destructor ； alternative miticide