西方蜜蜂（Apis mellifera）精子保存品質之研究

Study on the preservation quality of honey bee (Apis mellifera) sperm

陳本翰(Pen-Han Chen) ； 黃子豪(Zih-Hao Huang)

《苗栗區農業改良場研究彙報》 10期 (2021/07) Pp. 101-114

摘要

西方蜜蜂（Apis mellifera）是臺灣蜂產業主要經濟蜂種，也是農糧產業重要的授粉昆蟲。蜜蜂繁殖是蜂后與多隻雄蜂空中交尾，無法建立父系品系譜，並且在同一蜂場可能近親交配增加選育優質蜂種的困難，因此蜂產業需發展人工授精以提升育種效率。精子保存是發展人工授精的關鍵，本研究探討精子稀釋液與溫度對精子保存的影響。研究結果顯示，蜜蜂精子體外保存適合溫度為10～20℃。本研究篩選稀釋液E保存蜜蜂精子72小時維持81.3±3.5%存活率為最佳配方，保存性顯著優於其他稀釋液；以鏡檢評分精子活動力，發現懸浮在稀釋液D、E的精子，活動力指數為2.37～3.49，顯著優於懸浮在其他稀釋液。依據精子存活率與活動力試驗結果，選擇3種稀釋液與DMSO配製成冷凍液試驗精子液態氮保存確效，保存7天後存活率最高為62.4±5.6%。後續以提升冷凍保存確效為研究目標，研究結果可供臺灣蜂產業發展以人工授精培育蜂后之基礎。

關鍵字

西方蜜蜂 ； 精子保存 ； 精子存活率 ； 人工授精 ； 精子稀釋液

並列摘要

Honey bee (Apis mellifera ) is not only contributing major bee products profit in Taiwan apiculture but also the main pollinator in agriculture. The reproduction of honey bee is carried out by polyandry and mating in flying. It is increasing the risk of inbreeding in the same apiary cause from the patrilineal donor coming from in the same colony. It has to increase honey bee breeding efficiency by using artificial insemination. The key point of developing artificial insemination is preservation of sperm. In this study, we evaluated effects of diluents and temperatures on preserving sperm of drones. Our results show that is suitable for preservation of honey bee sperm in vitro at 10 ℃ to 20 ℃. Moreover, we carried out the selection of diluents by assessing the viability of sperm after preservation for 72 hours. It is suggested that diluent E should be the most suitable to preserve sperm of honey bees. The motility of sperm was assessed visually. The motility of sperm suspended in diluents D and E was significantly higher than that of sperm suspended in the other diluents, with indices of motility was assessed as 2.37-3.49. As assessments of sperm viability and motility, three diluents were selected for cryopreservation experiments in combination with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). The highest viability of sperm after thawing was 62.4±5.6%. This study will be contributed the development of artificial insemination technique for honey bee breeding in Taiwan apiculture.

並列關鍵字

Apis mellifera ； sperm preservation ； sperm vitality ； artificial insemination ； sperm diluent