籃球得分動作在時間與空間的應用

The Relation between the Offensive Moves and Court Locations in Fast Breaks and Set Offenses

藍于青(Yu-Ching Lan) ； 劉有德(Yeou-Teh Liu)

《中正體育學刊》 8期 (2019/06) Pp. 32-47

https://doi.org/10.30093/CCPEJ.201906_(8).0003

摘要

籃球賽事中不論是哪一種戰術或策略的應用，當進攻者接到傳球後面臨出手時機並同時面對防守者的威脅時，其進攻動作是直接投籃、運球投籃（單打）或是運球過人投籃（上籃），應與接球的位置與個人技能有關。目的：探討在不同進攻型態（快攻、組織戰）下，接球位置與出手動作的關聯性和在兩種進攻型態間的差異。方法：以2017世界大學運動會八場男子籃球賽為研究對象進行標記分析，以卡方適合性考驗及卡方獨立性考驗進行出手動作與接球區域的分析。結果：在出手動作方面，組織戰和快攻均以直接投籃出手次數為最多（472次、110次）。快攻在前場任何區域接到傳球後均以直接投籃為主要的出手方式，在後場接到球，包括籃板球則以運球無過人為主要方式，這也是快攻命中率最高的出手方式（45%）。組織戰命中率最高的進攻動作是單打（55%）。組織戰在禁區及低位3分線均以直接投籃為主要趨勢，在中距離採取單打方式，在高位3分線外及後場則是以運球為主。結論：無論快攻或組織戰的出手動作在進攻空間的趨勢為，從後場至高位3分線拿到球多以運球相關的出手動作為主，前場禁區和底線附近則以直接投籃為主，組織戰時在中距離接到球則多以單打為主要動作。

關鍵字

進攻型態 ； 運球 ； 直接投籃

並列摘要

In basketball, there are several ways to finish a play such as direct shooting, dribble shot, post play, and drives when an offensive player receives the ball and tries to take a shot from the defensive moves. The ways to finish a play usually depend on the location of the ball reception as well as the skill level of the players. Purpose: To explore the relation between the location of the ball reception and the offensive moves taken by the players for the fast breaks and the set offense. Methods: Eight games from the 2017 Universiade men's basketball were recorded and analyzed for the relation between the locations of the ball reception and the offensive moves taken by the players using the Chi-squared test of goodness of fit and the Chi-squared test of independence. Results: The direct shooting was the most used offensive moves for the fast breaks (110) and the set offenses (472). For the fast breaks, the direct shooting was the major offensive moves at any locations in the frontcourt where the player received the ball. The dribble shot had the highest shooting percentage of 45%, and was used the most when the player received the ball at the backcourt, including the defensive rebound for the fast breaks. The highest shooting percentage was from the post play (55%) for the set offenses. The main offensive move was direct shooting when the player received the ball at the paint and the low 3-point area, post play at the perimeter, and dribble and drives behind the 3-point line for the set offenses. Conclusions: For both the fast breaks and the set offenses, there was a common relation between the offensive moves and the locations of the ball receptions where dribble and drives were observed the most when the player received the ball behind the 3-point line and the direct shootings were used the most when the ball was received at the paint and around the baseline. When the offensive players received the ball at the perimeter in the set offense, the post play was the main offensive move.

並列關鍵字

Offensive strategy ； Dribble ； Shooting ； Basketball