檬果產期調節之研究　I.藥劑處理抑制新梢營養生長及假進花芽萌芽試驗

Studies on Forcing Culture of Mango I. Inhibiting Vegetative Growth and Promoting Flower Bud-Break by Chemical Treatments

林嘉興(Jia-Hsing Lin) ； 張林仁(Lin-Ren Chang) ； 林信山(Hsin-Shan Lin)

《臺中區農業改良場特刊》 10號 (1987/12) Pp. 107-117

https://doi.org/10.29563/ZHWHGX.198712.0001

摘要

本省檬果之主要產期在5月中旬以後，若能提早產期於2月至5月間，經濟價值將大為提昇。本研究嘗試使檬果提早進入生殖生長，繼之開花結實，以達到分散產期，調節市場供需之目的。經以克美素（Cycocel）、亞拉生長素（Alar）及益收生長素（Ethrel）等三種藥劑處理的結果，顯示對於抑制營養生長，包括新梢究度、節間長度、萌芽情形及其後之提早花芽形成，均以益收生長素效果最好，於10月14日即已有完整之花芽。隨後以20%氰氮化鈣及1%乙炔之澄清液催芽，於11月18日正常地萌芽、抽穗，而對照組則於12月6日抽穗。次年之試驗結果顯示，益收生長素對於樹樹勢較弱之檬果植株會造成落葉，接著流膠。故益收生長素雖可有效地抑制檬果新梢之營養生長，但施用濃度及頻率則須依天候及樹勢而定，不易掌握。

並列摘要

The harvest season of mango in Taiwan is concentrated between May and September and overproduction may seriously depress the market price. The only way for increasing the price is to let the mango fruits ready for harvet between February and May. This study was conducted to induce the reproductive growth and to enhance flowering in mango so that the production period would be adjusted. Cycocel, Alar and Ethrel were used to inhibit the vegetative growth (e.g. shoot length, internode length, bud sprouting), and to enhance inflorescence bud formation. The results indicated that Ethrel was of the highest degree of inhibition, and the treated buds were fully differentiated to inflorescence buds on Oct. 14. Then, 20% of calcium cyanamide and 1% of acetylene aqueous soltuion were sprayed to force bud break. Treated trees sprouted and bloomed on Nov. 18, whreeas the controls were not bloom unitl Dec. 6. Defoliation and gumming occurred in those trees of weak vigor after Ethrel applicatoin in the subsequent year's experiment. It is concluded that Ethrel could effectively inhibit the vegetative growth of shoots in mango, but the concentration and frequency of application are difficult ot control.