促進高接梨著果技術之探討

Improving Fruit setting in Top-Grafted Pear Production

阮素芬(Su-Feng Roan) ； 陳右人(Iou-Zen Chen)

《臺中區農業改良場特刊》 75號 (2005/12) Pp. 223-241

https://doi.org/10.29563/ZHWHGX.200512.0006

摘要

高接梨為臺灣發展出之特殊生產模式，每年嫁接高低溫需求量之溫帶梨品種接穗後進行生產。高接梨之產量會受所高接梨品種的花芽分化情形、嫁接癒合情形、授粉源與授粉媒介、胚珠發育過程之養分競爭、環境條件，以及作為砧木之植株生理與營養狀況的影響。為促進高接梨著果，接穗在前一季之花芽分化時期的管理、充分的養分蓄積、嫁接時砧木休眠性與養分供應的調整、嫁接適期的掌握、授粉樹或人工授粉，適當的授粉媒介及開花環境，均應注意。此外，本文藉著氣候資料分析來探討高接梨之嫁接適期，進一步以灌溉水加溫之實例來說明環境因子時高接梨著果之影響。

關鍵字

高接梨 ； 著果 ； 溫度 ； 雨量 ； 花粉發芽率 ； 嫁接時期 ； 根溫

並列摘要

Top-Grafted pear is a unique sand pear production method of Taiwan, which top-grafted high chilling requirement temperate-zone sand pear on local sand pear to produce high quality pear. The factors affected top-grafted pear production were the flower bud condition of scion, healing of graft unit, pollen source and pollinators, nutrient competition during ovule development, environment condition, and the physiological and nutritional condition of the root-stock. Orchard management during scion flower bud formation, plentiful nutrients accumulation, regulations of dormancy and nutrient supply of the root-stock during grafting, timing of grafting, pollinizer and hand pollination, and optimum pollinators and flowering condition could promoted fruit set of the pear. Moreover, the timing of grafting according to the weather data and by the irrigation water warming for fruit set improvement is discussed in this article.

並列關鍵字

top-grafted pear ； fruit set ； temperature ； precipitation ； pollen germination rate ； season for grafting ； root temperature