性費洛蒙在水稻害蟲管理上的應用

Application of Sex Pheromones on the Management of the Rice Moth Pests

廖君達(Chung-Ta Liao)

《臺中區農業改良場特刊》 88號 (2007/12) Pp. 110-116

https://doi.org/10.29563/ZHWHGX.200712.0030

摘要

水稻生育期間遭逢二化螟（Chilo suppressalis）、大螟（Sesamia inferens）及瘤野螟（Cnaphalocrocis medinalis）等蛾類害蟲的危害，影響稻株生長及稻穗稔實，造成嚴重的產量損失。昆蟲性費洛蒙具有專一性、毒性低、使用劑量小等優點，應用於害蟲的監測與防治深具潛力。有關二化螟性費洛蒙的研究，除了組成配方的改進使得誘引效果更加精進，在田間已可實際應用於族群監測及交配干擾。有關大螟的性費洛蒙研究，著重在性費洛蒙的組成鑑定及地理親緣的探討，並未實際應用於田間操作。有關瘤野螟性費洛蒙的研究，著重在性費洛蒙組成份的研究及地理親緣的探討，並藉以驗證瘤野螟遷飛理論，證實台灣、日本及中國大陸的瘤野螟有相同的親緣關係。本場近年來針對影響水稻產量甚鉅的蛾類害蟲包括二化螟、大螟及瘤野螟等，評估及開發可資應用的性費洛蒙配方。已陸續確認台灣的二化螟、大螟及瘤野螟等的性費洛蒙有效誘引配方，並能夠有效監測二化螟、大螟及瘤野螟族群變動情形，已整合作為稻病蟲害發生預測的工具。目前已開始提供區內稻作栽培農民採行以提升害蟲防治時機的掌控，可有效減少藥劑施用的頻度。

關鍵字

性費洛蒙 ； 二化螟 ； 大螟 ； 瘤野螟

並列摘要

Rice stem borer (Chilo suppressalis), pink stem borer (Sesamia inferens) and rice leaf folder (Cnaphalocrocis medinalis) were important insect pests during rice cultivation periods. The insect sex pheromone has many advantages, included high specify, low toxicity, and low dosage, etc., it own high potential for insect pest monitor and control. The research on rice stem borer pheromone, improved the blend of pheromone to increase the attractiveness, and applied for population monitoring and mating disruption. The research on pink stem borer pheromone, focused on components identification and population geographic variations discussion, but don't apply in the field. The research on rice leaf folder pheromone, also focused on components identification and population geographic variations discussion, and confirmed the rice leaf folder population from Taiwan, Japan and China had the same origin. Our station put emphasis on the evaluation and development of the sex pheromone blends of the three rice important insect pests, included rice stem borer, pink stem borer and rice leaf folder in recent year. We had confirmed the components of the three kind insect pest pheromones, and using trap to monitor the population dynamic of these pests. Furthermore, the technique was integrated as the tool for the occurrence prediction of the rice pests. We are provided pheromone traps to farmers for elevation the capacity of optimal control timing, and reduction the frequency of pesticide application.

並列關鍵字

sex pheromone ； Chilo suppressalisr ； Sesamia inferens ； Cnaphalocrocis medinalis