國外農業生物資材管理現況－以美國、歐盟、日本之生物農藥為例

Current Status of Biopesticides Legislation

楊玉婷(Yu-Ting Yang) ； 許嘉伊(Chia-Yi Hsu)

《臺中區農業改良場特刊》 121號 (2014/03) Pp. 33-56

摘要

各國多採取傳統農藥法規架構管理生物農藥。在美國，農藥的規範區分為聯邦政府及州政府兩個層次，但最主要仍以聯邦層次加以管轄，同時也在中央主管機關設置針對生物農藥的專責單位；而歐盟則由於農藥規範涉及歐盟及各會員國層次，登記程序複雜而衍生諸多問題阻礙產品上市，而新規則可望推動境內產業發展；而日本管理層次較為單純，農藥統一由農林水產省作為產業主管機關管理產品登記，並與環境省、厚生勞動省等相關單位協議農藥相關基準。本文謹簡介美國、歐盟、日本生物農藥管理制度，供各界參考，以利評估我國管理規範制定方向。

關鍵字

生物農藥 ； 登記 ； 法規 ； 國際比較

並列摘要

Biopesticides are mainly regulated within the conventional pesticide regulatory system. In the United States, pesticides are regulated by federal and state authorities, but largely undertaken at the federal level-EPA where a division dedicated to biopesticide is established. In the European Union, with the pesticides registration involving both European Commission and state member governments, the complexity of registration retarded the commercialization of products, yet new regulations are expected to promote the industry development. In Japan, the regulatory system is a relative simple than the other two. The Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries coordinates the approval of pesticides registration, while related standards are provided by Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW) and the Ministry of the Environment. In this article, the biopesticides regulatory systems in the US, EU and Japan are introduced for the reference of the public sector and industry.

並列關鍵字

Biopesticide ； Registration ； Regulation ； International comparison