有機農田生態工法應用實例

本研究以生態系統服務的概念，於宜蘭花蓮有機農場嘗試以增加植物多樣性達到營造天敵棲所之功能，以增加生物防治功能之永續效果。本場於2009年開始於田間進行棲地操作相關試驗，其中包含種植馬利筋等綠籬種植於有機蔬菜田區以建構天敵喜愛環境，以及種植細葉雪茄花於農田吸引授粉昆蟲。今年本場更針對玉米螟天敵棲所營造、混植一年生開花性植物於甘藍田區防治害蟲以及有機水稻田埂植被棲所學造進行試驗。結果顯示以人為方式增加農田植物種類，的確可增加生物多樣性，並達到生物防治功能之效。此外，水稻田堤植被操作試驗結果發現，不同農業操作對水稻田無脊椎動物多樣性有相當程度的影響，日後將加強捕食性與寄生性天敵種類鑑定，並持續篩選適合天敵藏匿之植被植物，作為未來農業生物多樣性指標以及環境友善生態農法的推廣物種。本研究將針對棲所營造試驗繼續擴大研究範圍，並將研究成果推廣於農民應用。

關鍵字

生態系統服務；綠籬；有機農業；一年生草花；生物棲所營造

並列摘要

This study try to apply the concept of ecosystem services to increase the reach of plant diversity of habitat and create functional predators to increase the effectiveness of biological control functions in Yilan and Hualien. The operation of field trials started in 2009, which includes milkweed planting, as well as planting Cuphea hyssopifolia on farmland attract pollinators in organic vegetables to construct predator-like and parasitoid-like environment. This year more trials are operated to create habitat for natural enemies of corn borer, mixed planting of annual flowering plants in the cabbage field area and the habitat manipulation of organic rice ridge for pest control. The results shows that artificially planting more plant species which were selected from farmland increase biodiversity and the effectiveness of biological control functions indeed. In addition, the analysis of the habitat manipulation in rice ridge shows that different agricultural practices affect the invertebrate diversity of rice fields. It is important that improving the identification of predator and parasitoid species and the screening of vegetation plant which can be shelters for indicator predators and parasitoids. This study will focus on the habitat manipulation for further study and promote to the farmers in future.

並列關鍵字

ecosystem services ； hedgerow ； organic cultivation ； annual flowering plants ； habitat manipulation

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有機農田生態工法應用實例

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