小米及臺灣藜栽培機械之研發應用

Development and Application of Millet and Djulis Cultivation Machinery

黃政龍(Huang Jeng-Long) ； 曾祥恩(Tseng Hsinag-En) ； 蔡恕仁(Tsai Shu-Jen)

《臺中區農業改良場特刊》 139號 (2019/11) Pp. 111-119

摘要

小米及臺灣藜為原住民族傳統重要作物，過去多以小面積人工作業方式栽培，近年由於國人著重養生，小米及臺灣藜富含營養成分的優點被重視而提高需求，逐漸有較大規模的平地栽培，因此有栽培機械導入的需求。本研究開發適用小米及臺灣藜各項田間機械，包括播種機械、割草機械及收穫機械等，其中播種機械共開發2種型式，分別為自走式及太陽能乘坐式，與人工作業比較，可提升6倍及15倍效率，割草機械以鎚刀方式進行行間除草，較人工作業提升12.5倍效率，收穫機械分別發展三種不同收穫機型，分別適用大、中、小不同栽培規模，小型收穫機型效率至少為人工收穫之4.5倍。以機械取代人工可大幅提升小米及臺灣藜各項田間管理工作之效率並降低人工作業成本。

關鍵字

小米 ； 臺灣藜 ； 栽培機械

並列摘要

Millet and djulis are important traditional crops of the indigenous peoples. In the past, they were cultivated by small-scale manual operation. In recent years, due to the emphasis on health care of the people, the advantages of millet and djulis carp have been emphasized and demand has been increased, and there has been a large-scale cultivation of flat land. There is a demand for the introduction of cultivation machinery. This research develops and applies various field machines in millet and djulis, including seeding machinery, mowing machinery and harvesting machinery. Among them, the seeding machine has developed two types, which are self-propelled and solar-powered, compared with manual operations. It can improve the efficiency by 6 times and 15 times. The mowing machine uses the hammer knife to carry out inter-row weeding, which is 12.5 times more efficient than manual operation. The harvesting machine develops three different models respectively, which are suitable for different cultivation scales The small harvesting machine is at least 4.5 times more efficient than the artificial harvest. The replacement of labor by machinery can greatly improve the efficiency of field management in Millet and djulis, and reduce the cost of manual operations.

並列關鍵字

Millet ； Djulis ； Cultivation machinery