融合教育對體育教學成效之影響

Inclusive Education on the Impact of the Effectiveness of Physical Education

黃艾君(Ai-Chun Huang)

《慈惠學報》 9期 (2013/12) Pp. 27-41

https://doi.org/10.6202/THJ-2013-09-03

摘要

特殊需求學生因受身心功能上的限制，較容易造成心理上的負擔與低落的成就感。因此，體育教師應協助特殊需求學生藉由身體活動而使身體機能獲得維持與進步，進而使其受教平等，進而從體育教學中享受運動的樂趣。依據我國國情及文化特色，結合醫學、特殊教育及體育運動之融合體育教學，針對特殊需求學生的身心功能與體能做評估，實為我國目前迫切需要發展之主題。隨者未來國家之發展，教育政策和相關措施動見觀瞻，鑒於國內融合體育的推展，與國外相較下，仍有許多進步之空間，故必須從融合教育對於體育教學之技巧及體育教師在實施融合體育教學時的成效方面努力和著手。故本文期能透過：融合教育的定義、融合教育的作法、融合教育對適應體育教學的理念、融合教育對適應體育的教學技巧和成效之相關文獻探討，希望融合體育的發展成效會更好，為促進融合體育發展而努力。

關鍵字

適應體育 ； 融合體育 ； 體育教師

並列摘要

Students with special needs due to physical and mental functional limitations, they are easier to have psychological burden and low sense of accomplishment. Pphysical education teachers should help students with special needs through physical activity to maintain and make progress the body functions. In addition, students with special needs can have the rights to participate and enjoy the benefits of the sports from the physical education. According to Taiwan's national conditions and cultural characteristics, there is an urgent need to develop specific sports combined with medical, special education and the integration of physical education for special need students to access the physical and mental capability assessment. The development of specific sports and related education policies in Taiwan, compared with foreign countries, is still room for improvements. Thus, teaching skills of the physical education teachers and educational policies for special need students combined to bring effective implementation of physical education. This essay through in depth literature review is hoping for providing active encouragement for the furtherance of physical education development.

並列關鍵字

adapted physical education ； inclusive physical education ； physical education teacher

參考文獻

李偉清（1997）‧國中教師對特殊體育的態度與適性教學實施方式之調查研究‧國立台灣師 範大學特殊教育研究所碩士論文，未出版，台北市。

程淑麗（2007）‧國中適應體育教學實施現況研究‧國立臺灣師範大學體育學系在職進修 碩士班碩士論文，未出版，台北市。

簡清得（2005）‧國中健體領域教師對實施適應體育之意見調查‧國立臺灣師範大學體育 學系在職進修碩士班碩士論文，未出版，台北市。

Mosston, M., &Ashworth, S. (1994). Teaching physical education (4th ed.)NY: Macmillan. Riggen＆Ulrich. (1993).The effects of sport participation on individuals with mental retardation.Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly，10 (1).42-51.

UNESCO (1978) .International of physical education and sport. Washington DC：American Association on Mental Retradation.