《老子想爾注》之政治理想探析

《老子想爾注》為道教註解《老子》的重要著作。具有二個特殊性，一是為天師道創始者張道陵一家之言，可視為早期天師道之立教之本，對於瞭解教團運作之方式與組織能提供寶貴的材料，另一是在註解《老子》時將天師道的教義進行闡發，並對當時盛行的思想，例如神仙方術、房中術及養生術進行接納或批判，並從而建立一套對於道的宗教理論。而自張道陵傳其子張衡，再傳其子張魯，在東漢末年群雄割據之際，在漢中建立天師道政權，並維持三十餘年直到投降曹操為止，在張魯所建構的天師道國度民生安樂，因此本文探析《老子想爾注》書中的政治理想，以及對張魯天師道政權之影響。

關鍵字

老子；想爾注；張魯；天師道政權

並列摘要

＂Lao-Zi Xiang-Er Commentary＂ for the Taoist Notes ＂Lao Tzu＂ important works. There are two specialities, one for the founder of the Taoist Road, Zhang Daoling a statement can be regarded as the early days of the Taoist Taoism of the book, for the understanding of the way the organization and the organization can provide valuable materials, the other is in the annotation ＂Laozi＂ To teach the teachings of the Taoist doctrine, and to prevail at the prevailing thoughts, such as immortal surgery, room surgery and health surgery to accept or criticize, and thus the establishment of a religious theory for the Tao. And since Zhang Daoling pass his son Zhang Heng, and then his son Zhang Lu, in the Eastern Han Dynasty, the occasion of the separatist separatist, in the Han Dynasty to establish the Taoist regime, and to maintain more than thirty years until the surrender of Cao Cao, Zhang Lu in the construction of the Heavenly Master Road, Therefore, this article explores the political ideal of Lao Tzu's book and the influence on the political power of Zhang Lutian.