試探陳後主詩歌作品創作源起與賞析

陳後主為南朝陳代最後一位皇帝，即位時陳朝已積弱不振，面對隋朝的步步進逼無力抵抗，八年後即被隋朝所滅。歷來學者均認為陳後主之昏亂為亡國之主因。其在位時治理政事毫無建樹，甚至在隋兵攻入陳後宮時，陳後主、張麗華及孔貴嬪藏匿在景陽宮旁的枯井之狼狽模樣，君主威嚴蕩然無存。又曾做〈玉樹後庭花〉一詩。唐代詩人杜牧作〈泊秦淮〉，其中名句「商女不知亡國恨，隔江猶唱後庭花」即借用此典故為千古絕唱。再加上陳後主即位後諸多事蹟如建臨春、結綺、望仙三閣以供享樂，與朝臣終日宴遊，終至亡國，故被歷代斷定為無道之昏君，如《資治通鑒》所言「「陳之將亡，作〈玉樹後庭花〉。」也使陳後主之作品的文學價值在歷代中難以被客觀的評價，本文將試著整理陳後主的詩歌作品，描述陳後主之創作內涵，並試論其評價。

關鍵字

陳後主；後庭花；樂府詩；陳朝文學

並列摘要

Chen Houzhu was the last emperor of the Chen Dynasty in the Southern Dynasties. When he was in the throne, Chen Chao had weakened and weakened. In the face of the Sui Dynasty, he stepped and forced to resist. After eight years, he was destroyed by the Sui Dynasty. Scholars have always believed that the coma of Chen Houzhu was the main cause of the country. When he was in office, he did not make any achievements in governing political affairs. Even when the soldiers entered the Chen Hougong, Chen Houzhu, Zhang Lihua and Kong Guifei hid in the dry wells beside Jingyang Palace, and the monarchy was in ruins. Also made a poem ＂Yushu Houting Flower＂. In the Tang Dynasty, the poet Du Mu Zuo (Po Qinhuai), in which the famous phrase ＂the business woman does not know that the country is hateful, and the river is still singing after the court＂ is borrowing this allusion for the eternal singer. In addition, after Chen's reign, the many deeds such as the establishment of Linchun, the knots, and the Wangxian three pavilions for enjoyment, and the courtier's day-end banquet as a hacker, it was judged by the dynasties to be ignorant, such as Zi Zhitong. According to the article, ＂Chen Zhi will die, ＂Yushu Houtinghua.＂) It is also difficult for Chen Houzhu's works to be correctly evaluated in the past. This article will try to sort out Chen's poetry and describe Chen. The author's creative connotation and his evaluation.