以推拉因素初探臺灣高等教育輸出印尼

近年來臺灣在少子化的壓力之下，招收國際學生（含僑生及外籍生）成為彌補國內生源的管道，其中印尼學位生人數僅僅次於馬來西亞及越南來臺留學生人數，本研究以推拉因素來探討臺灣高等教育輸出印尼，並兼論招收印尼生之挑戰。印尼僑外生來臺升學之推力，以印尼華人來說，包含了當地社會動盪、對中華文化之認同及學習華語之慾望，而對印尼本土族群來說，該國政府提供公費薦送本土族群大學講師來臺，以提高師資及教育品質；就拉力來看，臺灣相關政府機關及各大專校院亦以獎學金為主要招收政策、多元的入學管道以及對穆斯林學生愈來愈友善的校園環境，皆是吸引僑外生來臺之主因。另，學生留臺遭遇的語言問題，以及學生本身的跨文化適應能力都將是大專校院招收印尼生所面臨挑戰中的難處。

關鍵字

高等教育；僑生；外籍生；國際學生；印尼；推拉理論

並列摘要

In recent years, under the pressure of declining birthrate in Taiwan, recruiting international students (including overseas students and foreign students) has become a way to make up for domestic students. Among them, the number of overseas degree students from Indonesia is second only to the number of those from Malaysia and Vietnam. This preliminary study explores the export of Taiwan's higher education to Indonesia by push-pull factor, and discusses the challenges of recruiting Indonesian students. The impetus to study in Taiwan for Chinese Indonesians includes local social unrest, recognition of Chinese culture and desire to learn Chinese. For pribumi, Indonesian government provides public funds to local university lecturers studying in Taiwan in order to improve the quality of teachers and education; in terms of pulling force, Taiwan's relevant government agencies and colleges and universities also provide scholarships as the main admission policy, multiple admission channels, and an increasingly friendly campus environment for Muslim students. All are the main reasons for attracting overseas students to Taiwan. In addition, the language problems encountered by students studying in Taiwan and the intercultural adaptability of students themselves will be the difficulties among challenges for colleges and universities to recruit Indonesian students.

並列關鍵字

Higher Education ； Overseas Chinese Students ； International Students ； Overseas Students ； Indonesia ； Push-Pull Theory

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