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捷運運量及空污減量效益分析－以高雄市捷運補助政策為例
Ridership and Air Pollution Reduction Benefit Analysis-A Case Study of Kaohsiung MRT Subsidy Policy
摘要
高雄市政府於2010年3月19日確立，將以2005年排碳量為標準，於2020年將高雄市打造為減量30%的低碳城市與節能社區，市府並成立「高雄市政府節能減碳推動小組」，專責推動本市溫室氣體管制議題，各局處擔任小組內各分組推動單位，定期開會檢討推動方向及效益。高雄市政府捷運局致力於提升大眾運輸使用率，研提培養市民使用公共運輸習慣之政策，於2012年申請「高雄市環境保護基金補助學生族群搭乘捷運票價及高雄幸福卡計畫」，基金補助經費新台幣9,121萬元，實施期間2012年1月1日至12月31日，全年產生於捷運端和公車端的旅運量分別為2,123萬人次和424萬人次，合計公共運輸量達2,547萬人次，佔高雄市2012年公共運輸量1億人次的25%；減少CO2排放量約1.6萬公噸，減少空氣污染排放總量約1.7萬公噸，效益貨幣化達新台幣2億3,385萬元。如僅計高雄市環保基金補助經費，則效益成本比達2.6倍，每萬元可減少空污排放量1.9公噸。本文說明補助計畫內容、補助方案及實施方式，分析補助計畫執行成果與效益，包括提升大眾運輸使用量、私人運具移轉量、空氣污染排放減量及空污減量效益貨幣化。
並列摘要
On March 19, 2010, Kaohsiung City Government was declared that the carbon emissions in 2005 will be used for the standard and reduction of 30% in 2020. We hope Kaohsiung to become a low-carbon cities and energy-saving community. Kaohsiung City Government established the ”Kaohsiung City Government carbon reduction Force”. The group is responsible to promote the city's greenhouse gas control issues. Each bureau was the members of this group and is responsible for promoting energy-saving and carbon reduction. They regularly arrange review meeting to discuss the promote direction and effectiveness. Mass Rapid Transit Bureau, Kaohsiung City has been doing to enhance the utilization rate of public transport. We propose the policy to foster people to use public transport habits. In 2012, we apply a plan about ”Kaohsiung City Environmental Protection Fund grants for students to take the MRT, and Kaohsiung happy card”. Fund Management Committee approved grant funding of NT $ 91.21 million. The implementation period is from January 1 to December 31, 2012. During this year, the trip traffic generated in the MRT and bus were 21.23 million and 4.24 million passengers. Public traffic generated by these grant program total about 25.47 million passengers. In 2012, Kaohsiung City's public transportation has reached 100 million passengers in 2012. The traffic generated by this grant program accounts for about 25%. Reduce CO2 emissions by around 16,000 tones. Reduce air pollution emissions total of approximately 17,000 tones. The monetization from air pollution reduction benefits is NT $ 233.85 million. Only taking into account the financial assistance of the Kaohsiung City Environmental Fund benefit cost ratio is 2.6 times. Every ten thousand will reduce air pollution emissions by 1.9 tones. This article describes the contents of the plan, subsidy programs and implementation. Analyses grant program implementation results and benefits. The content includes enhanced public transport usage, the amount of private vehicles migration, reducing air pollution emissions and air pollution reduction benefits monetization.