- 期刊
- OpenAccess
細懸浮微粒PM_(2.5)與急性支氣管炎之門診就醫關係
Fine Particulate Matter PM_(2.5) and Outpatient Visits for Acute Bronchitis Study
摘要
PM2.5的管制政策以及對健康經濟效益的影響是全球高度重視的議題，臺灣各空氣品質維護區（簡稱空品區）除了花東地區之外，年平均濃度都超出我國規定的標準，另外急性支氣管炎至門（急）診就醫次數亦有增加趨勢。故本研究目的是探討全國各空品區之急性支氣管炎門診就醫次數與PM2.5濃度之間是否存在關聯。文中使用2011年全民健保資料庫中急性支氣管炎有關疾病之就醫資料，以及行政院環境保護署監測站資料，並針對2011年之每日就醫紀錄進一步研究。使用Person相關係數、病例交叉設計、條件邏輯斯迴歸等分析，探討急性支氣管炎與PM2.5濃度之就醫關係。研究結果，熱天（T≥23℃）PM2.5並不顯著，在冷天（T＜23℃），急性支氣管炎門診就醫與PM2.5濃度呈現顯著，PM2.5每增加21.06μg/m3，則門診就醫風險分別增加7.9%（95%CI＝1.1~15.1%）和25.5%（95%CI＝12.0~40.6%）。進一步探討兩個汙染物模型中，在冷天僅有O3是顯著之下，PM2.5仍然呈現顯著關係。急性支氣管炎之好發期於冷天，且PM2.5濃度超過35μg/m3時，急性支氣管炎門診就醫風險顯著上升。
並列摘要
Recently, the public health policy of PM_(2.5) and the impact on health and economic efficiency are the regreat important issues of the world. Except easten region, the average annual PM_(2.5) concentration of regions exceeded the prescribed standard in Taiwan during 2011, which leads to a substantial increase in the number of acute bronchitis of the outpatient visits. Therefore, this study will investigate whether there is a relationship between outpatient visits of acute bronchitis and PM_(2.5) concentrations of our national air quality regions in the 2011. The data of the outpatient visits of acute bronchitis related diseases in National Health Insurance Research Database, as well as the information on monitoring stations of the Environmental Protection Administration were obtained. In the study, we used the Person correlation coefficient, case-crossover design, and conditional logistic regression analysis, to explore the relationship between outpatient visits of acute bronchitis and PM_(2.5) concentrations. We found that PM_(2.5) concentrations during warm days (≥23℃) is not significant. In the cold days (T＜23℃) that PM_(2.5) shows the positive correlation with the outpatient visits of acute bronchitis. The outpatient risk is increased 7.9% (95%CI=1.1~15.1%) and 25.5% (95%CI=12.0~40.6%) with 21.06μg/m^3 increment of PM_(2.5), respectively. In two-pollutant models, PM_(2.5) remained significant even controlling for O_3 no matter on warm or cold days. Acute bronchitis morbidities were higher during cool days, and the PM_(2.5) contcentrations exceed 35μg/m^3 with acute bronchitis outpatient visit was positively associated.