桃竹苗地區客家習俗傳說研究

The Legends of Customs in Haka Culture-Taoyuan, HsinTsu, and Maoli Areas

曾瓊儀

《桃園創新學報》 32期 (2012/12) Pp. 477-490

https://doi.org/10.6989/JTI.201212.0477

摘要

「傳說」所敘述的主體與歷史上的人、事、時、地、物有著不可分割的關係，這些主體是真實存在、或曾經真實存在過的，但關於這個主體的種種，則添加了高度的想像。習俗是民間的一種生活習慣，也是人民生活在歷史上一種有意義的紀念，是民間的一種集體的娛樂，而解釋習俗形成原因的傳說稱為「習俗傳說」。筆者就田野調查的成果及搜集到的文本資料，歸納出「神主牌的由來」、「婚俗的由來」、「初三送窮鬼的由來」、「端午節插青的由來」四種傳說，這些傳說迄今仍流傳於桃竹苗地區，而祭祀神主牌、出嫁時用米篩遮新娘、拖青等婚俗、初三送窮鬼、端午節插青等習俗亦流行於此地區。傳說在解釋習俗的由來，而習俗亦藉傳說的廣布更深植民心，二者相輔相成，互相依存。

關鍵字

民間文學 ； 客家民間故事 ； 習俗傳說

並列摘要

”Legends” are describing some people, events, places or something related to the history. These people, events, places or something have existed or did exist with further imagination of people. Customs are the habitual practices followed by people of a particular group or region, which means the specific memory of a particular group in their history. ”Legends of customs” indicates the explanation of origins in customs. This paper includes four main stories of ”Legends of Customs” - ”Ancestral Tablet” ”Wedding Customs”” Sending away the Spirits of Poverty on the third day of Chinese New Year” ”Hanging wormwood on the door of the houses on Dragon Boat Festival” which are still wide-spreading in the regions of Taoyuan, HsinTsu, and Maoli in Taiwan. Legends explain the origins of customs and these customs truly has been deeply rooted in people.

並列關鍵字

folk literature ； Hakanese folk stories ； Legends of Customs