勞工保險老年年金給付最適領取時間點

The Best Claiming Time for the Old-Age Annuity Benefit of the Labor Insurance in Taiwan

李永琮(Yung-Tsung Lee) ； 黃莉婷(Li-Ting Huang)

《風險管理學報》 15卷2期 (2013/12) Pp. 149-172

摘要

我國政府為完善照顧勞工老年生活，於民國98年實施勞保年金化；而有關得以領取老年給付的年齡規定，則採取逐步延後請領年齡的方式，並給予勞工領取給付時間點選擇權，且請領金額則隨著領取給付年齡而調整。本研究的主要目的，在探討我國勞工因為勞保年金化所賦予的領取給付時間點選擇權下，勞工可能的最適領取老年年金給付時間點。在勞工取得可以請領老年年金給付的權利當下，本研究考慮勞工延後退休可以領取的老年年金給付淨現值，即延後退休所額外領取的給付現值減去所必需負擔的成本；能夠最大化老年年金給付淨現值的時間點即為勞工的最適領取給付時間點。我們發現在現行的制度設計下，除了死亡率較高且所繳交費用較多的男性雇主外，延後領取給付的時間可以增加老年年金給付淨現值，而折現率、薪資成長率以及死亡率假設是影響最適領取給付時間點的關鍵因素。此外，我們也探討勞保年金改革對於最適領取給付時間點可能帶來的影響。

關鍵字

勞工保險 ； 勞保年金化 ； 最適領取給付時間點

並列摘要

In 2009, with the intention to improve the economic security for elderly labor, an amendment to the Labor Insurance Act changes the old-age benefit of the Labor Insurance from a lump sum to an annuity in Taiwan. In the meanwhile, for the insured, there is a time-to-claim option, i.e., a right to choose the age for claiming the old-age annuity benefit, with an adjustment of the level of the benefit when she/he exercises the option. The main purpose of this study is to examine what the best claiming time is for an insured of the Labor Insurance when there exists the time-to-claim option. This study considers a labor chooses the best time to claim by maximizing her/his net present value of the old-age annuity benefit, i.e., the extra present value of the annuity benefit minus the extra present value of costs for postponing the claim, once she/he has the right to claim. We find that postponing the time to claim can increase the net present value of the old-age annuity benefit under the present terms, except for the male employer, who is in the group of a higher mortality and a higher insurance premium. Furthermore, the most important factors that influence the best time to claim are the discounting rate, the salary growth rate and the mortality assumptions. In this study, we also take the potential upcoming reform on Taiwan Labor Insurance into consideration to examine how it affects the best claiming time.

並列關鍵字

Labor Insurance ； Annuitization of the Labor Insurance ； Best Time to Claim

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