電子民主應用與限制－以立法院IVOD系統導入公民素養課程教學為例

E-democracy applications and restrictions - Take the introduction of citizenship education into the IVOD system of the Legislative Yuan as an example

魏澤民(Tse-Min Wei)

《通識教育學報》 8期 (2020/12) Pp. 1-25

https://doi.org/10.6517/MCUT.202012_(8).0001

摘要

代議式民主政治強調代表性、參與性與對談性，但就實際運作上，呈現許多明顯缺點，諸如限制性的民眾參與、政客扭曲公共利益，以及資訊的欠缺與壟斷等。電子民主（Electronic Democracy；E-democracy），在現代民主體制運作一定程度的意義上，就是以資訊技術改進民主運作、增進民主參與、完善民主治理的過程，除了強化民主機制之外，更重要是在塑造一個顧客導向（Customer-Driven）的電子化政府。其涉及有兩個面向，一是體制對公民的向度，由政府或者政黨等組織利用資訊技術提供服務，加強與公民的交流與合作，不斷改進民主治理，二是公民對體制的向度，公民利用資訊技術向政府、政黨或者公民社會組織反饋資訊、表達意見，並且積極地參與政府政策制定過程。本文將從第二角度，探討在公民素養通識課程規劃，針對立法院IVOD（議事轉播多媒體視訊系統）實施公民參與監督國會之電子民主之應用限制提出分析。

關鍵字

電子民主 ； 參與民主 ； 數位國會 ； 數位民主 ； IVOD

並列摘要

Representative democracy emphasizes representativeness, participation and dialogue. However, in practice, there are many obvious shortcomings, such as restrictive public participation, politicians distorting public interests, and lack of information and monopoly. To a certain extent in the operation of a modern democratic system, Electronic Democracy (E-democracy) is the process of improving democratic operations, enhancing democratic participation, and improving democratic governance by means of information technology. In addition to strengthening mechanisms of democracy, it is more important in shaping a customer-driven electronic government. It involves two aspects. One is the orientation of the system to citizens. The government or political parties use information technology to provide services, strengthen exchanges and cooperation with citizens, and continuously improve democratic governance. The other is the citizens' orientation to the system. Citizens use information technology to feed back information, express opinions to the government, political parties or civil society organizations, and actively participate in the process of government policy making. This article will discuss the planning of citizenship literacy generalization curriculum from the second perspective, and analyze the limitation of the application of citizen participation in the supervision of e-government in the IVOD (Multimedia Video Broadcasting System) of the Legislative Yuan.

並列關鍵字

electronic democracy ； participatory democracy ； e-parliament ； e-democracy ； IVOD