兩種不同著地形態對額狀面下肢生物力學之影響

The Effect of Two Different Landing Type on Frontal Plane Lower Extremity Biomechanics during Landing

林家瑩(Chia-Ying Lin) ； 翁梓林(Tzu-Lin Wong) ； 張黃龍(Huang-Long Chang)

《運動表現期刊》 7卷1期 (2020/03) Pp. 17-27

https://doi.org/10.3966/240996512020030701002

摘要

目的：本研究的目的旨在探討單腳和雙腳等兩種不同著地型態對額狀面之運動學、動力學及能量學等參數之影響。方法：以近6個月內無下肢傷害病史之11名大學體育系男學生為受試對象。一部高速攝影機及一台AMTI測力板以同步方法擷取從30cm高台著地動作額狀面運動學和地面反作用力參數。影片以動作分析軟體處理及量化後取得髖關節內收、外展角度及膝內外翻角度。而測力板原始訊號利用分析軟體，得到垂直分力、前後水平分力及壓力中心等參數，並結合人體肢段參數，以逆動力學過程運算得到髖外展力矩、膝外翻力矩及下肢各關節能量吸收度。生物力學參數以相依樣本t考驗進行統計分析，顯著水準為α = 0.05。結果：30cm高台單腳和雙腳著地時的策略不同，單腳著地利用膝外翻的方式著地，雙腳著地利用膝內翻方式著地。在額狀面能量吸收部分，單腳著地時是利用髖、踝關節吸收；而雙腳著地主要是以膝關節吸收。著地瞬間，雙腳著地較單腳著地有較大的Q角角度。另外，雙腳著地有較大膝外翻力矩。結論：單腳高台著地時是主要以髖、踝關節做能量吸收，並以膝外翻的方式著地；而雙腳高台著地則以膝關節能量吸收為主。

關鍵字

能量吸收 ； 膝外翻 ； 逆動力學

並列摘要

Purposes: The purpose of this study was to compare the changes in the kinematics, dynamics, and energetic parameters of the frontal plane with single and double legged landing tasks. Methods: To recruit 11 athletes in physical education without lower extremity injuries history (age = 20 ± 1 yrs, height = 173.02 ± 4.52 cm, weight = 64.21 ± 7.55 kg). A Mega Speed Ms 30K camera (120 Hz) and an AMTI force plate (1200 Hz) to record the movement of single and double legged landing on frontal plane in synchronizing method for data analyze kinematics and kinetics parameters will be processed by Kwon 3D and Dasy Lab 6.0 software and calculated force, torque, work and power on lower extremity with inverse dynamics method. The parameters were statistically analyzed with a dependent t-test (α = .05). Results: It was found that the strategy of natural landing was different, single-leg was knee valgus, and double-legs were knee varus. In the energy absorption part, the one foot is mainly absorbed by the hip joint and the ankle joint, and the feet are mainly absorbed by the knee joint. At the moment of landing, the double-legs are landing tasks and have a larger Q angle than the single-leg ground, so it is possible to understand the risk of lower limb sports injuries. In addition, in the knee joint, the peak VGRF, the peak PGRF, moment and anterior tibia shear force when the double-legs are landing tasks, it is slightly larger than single-leg. Conclusions: Thus, it can be seen that the single-leg has to bear a greater load than the double-legs. Therefore, during training or exercise, increase the muscle strength of the lower extremity, and improve the single and double legs landing strategy, and consciously and slowly, to reduce the risk of ACL injury.

並列關鍵字

energy absorption ； knee valgus ； inverse dynamic

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