The index system of coal mine workers' safety behavior level is built based on its characteristics, nextly empirical analysis is conducted based on structural equation model (SEM), by which the quantitative analysis of safety behavior level can be done scientifically and the difficulty of safety behavior level survey can be broken through. A new idea may be found in coal mine safety management by analyzing the influence factors and their interaction relationship of coal mine workers' safety behavior level through three aspects-enterprise, environment and employee.