後疫情時代聯合國海洋教育趨勢

United Nations' Marine Education Trends in the Post-Epidemic Era

嚴佳代(Chia-Dai (Ray) Yen) ； 李孟璁(Meng-Tsung Lee)

《海洋事務與政策評論》 9卷1期 (2021/08) Pp. 105-139

https://doi.org/10.6546/MAPR.202108_9(1).105

摘要

本文彙整海洋教育從傳遞海洋科學知識轉換到培育海洋素養策略發展歷程，以及近十年海洋素養成為海洋教育主軸歷史脈絡，進而彙整海洋素養從2017年起納入聯合國海洋發展重點策略的重要意涵，並根據2020年聯合國發佈海洋素養推動策略架構，分別針對（一）海洋素養政策推動、（二）海洋素養正規教育、（三）海洋素養企業行動、（四）海洋素養居民參與，四個聯合國海洋教育優先推動領域策略與具體指標進行說明。最後依據2021年提出海洋十年計畫（Ocean Decade），提出全球新冠肺炎疫情之後臺灣海洋教育政策建議，提供海洋教育相關研究與政策參考，期望帶動臺灣與全球海洋教育進一步合作模式，研究建議包括：（一）制定國家層級海洋素養策略；（二）建立國內外區域合作夥伴關係和網絡；（三）定期展示海洋素養效果；（四）強化政府對於海洋教育支持並取得國際認可；（五）整合海洋素養評估機制與國際連結；（六）整合海洋教育國際聯繫窗口。

關鍵字

海洋教育 ； 海洋素養 ； 聯合國教科文組織 ； 海洋十年

並列摘要

This article summarizes the strategic development of marine education from the early transfer of marine scientific knowledge to the cultivation of ocean literacy, as well as the historical context of ocean literacy becoming the main goal of marine education in the past ten years. Furthermore, this article integrates the important meaning of ocean literacy included in the UN's marine development key strategy from 2017, as well as the ocean literacy promotion strategy framework issued by the United Nations in 2020. It also focuses on the four priority disciplines: (1) ocean literacy policy promotion, (2) ocean literacy formal education, (3) ocean literacy corporate action, (4) ocean literacy community participation. Finally, through the Ocean Decade proposed in 2021, Taiwan's marine education policy recommendations after the global COVID19 pandemic are proposed, providing marine education-related research and policy references, and driving further cooperation between Taiwan and the global marine education model. The suggestions include (1) Formulate national-level ocean literacy strategies; (2) Establish domestic and international regional cooperative partnerships and networks; (3) Regularly demonstrate the effects of ocean literacy; (4) Strengthen government support for marine education and obtain international recognition; (5) Integrate the ocean literacy assessment mechanism and international connections; (6) Integrate the international contact window for marine education.

並列關鍵字

Marine Education ； Ocean Literacy ； UNESCO ； Ocean Decade