- 期刊
臺灣海域區劃：海洋保護區法制發展與策進
Taiwan's ocean zoning: the legal development and progress of marine protected areas
摘要
人類活動已相當程度的改變許多海洋生態系統結構與功能，利用海域區劃管理海洋活動與養護海洋生態，尤其以海洋保護區劃設與建立其治理機制，是國內外推動海洋永續發展的主要政策工具。臺灣早自1929年通過《漁業法》後，即有利用海域空間規劃管理海洋資源使用之法制概念。而導入養護海洋資源觀念與正式定義海洋保護區，則可追溯自2001年行政院核定「生物多樣性推動方案」。近年，海洋委員會海洋保育署成立、《海洋保育法草案》啟動規劃與諮詢，海洋保護區治理議題在臺灣獲得大量的政治關注，加上2020年是《愛知目標》設定之MPAs目標年，使得現在正值國內外檢視透過海洋保護區實踐海洋資源保育效益的關鍵期間。因此，本文首先爬梳臺灣海域區劃管理法制的發展脈絡、接著針對現有多處海洋保護區之劃設與管理進行文獻回顧與分析，提出綜合觀察與政策淺見，供海洋保護區制度發展之參考。
並列摘要
Human activities have altered the structure and function of many marine ecosystems on a certain level. Applying ocean zoning strategies, particularly marine protected areas (MPAs), to manage marine activities and conserve marine ecosystems is a prevalent policy tool for governments to achieve sustainable development. Taiwan's early legal development on ocean zoning might be Fisheries Law in 1929. The adoption of ＂Biodiversity Action Plan＂ in 2001 firstly defined the concept of MPAs in Taiwan. Following the establishment of a new marine conservation authority, Ocean Conservation Administration under the Ocean Affairs Council, in 2018, Taiwan's Ocean Conservation Law draft was initiated in 2019. MPA governance has brought political attentions. In addition, 2020 is a benchmark for examining MPA governance due to the long-lasting Aichi Biodiversity Target. Therefore, now is a critical period for the globe and Taiwan to improve MPAs. The article firstly chronically studies ocean zoning law and policy in Taiwan, and then undertakes a literature review of the existing MPAs in order to understand the current legal development and practices. The findings of the article contribute legal and policy recommendations to the future governance mechanism of ocean conservation.