人類乳突瘤病毒與子宮頸癌症系列報導（2）：人類乳突瘤病毒感染與宿主細胞特性

HPV and cervical cancer related articles Part II- HPV basic virology

韓志平(Chih-Ping Han) ； 曾志仁(Chih-Jen Tseng)

《婦癌醫學期刊》 47期 (2018/04) Pp. 1-5

摘要

當HPV進入宿主細胞後，病毒DNA相當於細胞內的質體。所謂質體(plasmid)是指細胞核內染色體以外(extrachromosomal)的遺傳物質，可以自行複製。它通常是由一小段環狀閉鎖雙股DNA所構成，僅含有少數幾個基因，並且可以進行轉錄(transcription)與轉譯(translation)反應，製造出有意義的蛋白質產物。依照定義，病毒質體必須與細胞染色體分開，呈游離態。但HPV的DNA具備有插入宿主細胞染色體的能力，一旦穿插嵌入(integrate)，病毒質體將融入宿主細胞染色體並且合而為一，所以這種對宿主細胞染色體具有穿插能力的游離態質體又被稱為游離基因(episome)。被HPV感染的病變組織與轉形細胞中，可以發現一些特殊病毒蛋白質，除了參與HPV本身DNA的複製工作外，又與宿主細胞的轉形與癌化有相當密切的關係。

關鍵字

HPV ； HPV病毒學 ； 子宮頸癌

並列摘要

Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) infect either cutaneous or mucosal epithelial cells, as well as depend on epithelial differentiation in order to complete their life cycle. The expression of viral genes is intimately regulated as the infected basal cell migrates towards the epithelial surface. Latent infections illustrate a long-term maintenance of the HPV genome in the form of plasmids. Such infections can be reactivated after several years, particularly as a result of immunosuppression. Productive infections represent the active proliferation of the HPV genome and production of whole infectious virions. Productive infections are limited to epithelia that will undergo maturation and differentiation. Abortive infections show that the productive life cycle of HPVs is not completed. Abortive infection of HPVs is a staged series of induced proliferation and transformation of host epithelial cells. Additionally, such abortive infections can predispose to cancer.

並列關鍵字

HPV ； HPV basic virology ； cervical cancer