臭氧對水中及空氣中各類微生物之殺菌力

Antimicrobial Activity of Ozone against Various Microorganisms in Water and Air

簡玉潔(Yu-Chieh Chien) ； 蘇至誠(Chih-Cheng Su) ； 蔡文城(Wen-cherng Tsai)

《檢驗及品保雜誌》 9卷3期 (2020/07) Pp. 105-117

https://doi.org/10.6573/JTQA.202007_9(3).01

摘要

臭氧逐漸廣泛地應用於工業廠房與居家環境的消毒，但家庭用的臭氧生成機廠牌甚多，但其等所產生臭氧的殺菌能力大多不詳。本研究以市面上一種臭氧產生機設定在“High＂的濃度對如下各一株微生物進行水中抗菌能力評估：Salmonella typhimurium（鼠傷寒沙門氏菌）、Salmonella choleraesuis（豬霍亂沙門氏菌）、Salmonella dublin（都柏林沙門氏菌）、Shigella sonnei（宋內氏沙門氏菌）、Aeromonas hydrophila（嗜水氣單胞菌）、Escherichia coli O157:H7（大腸桿菌O157:H7）、Staphylococcus aureus（金黃色葡萄球菌）、E. coli（大腸桿菌）、Klebsiella pneumoniae（肺炎克雷伯氏菌）、Citrobacter sp.（枸緣酸桿菌）、Enterobacter cloacae（陰溝腸桿菌）、Enterococcus faecalis（糞腸球菌）、Pseudomonas aeruginosa（綠膿桿菌）、Bacillus subtilis（枯草芽胞桿菌）、Listeria monocytogenes（單核球增多性李斯特氏菌）、Legionella pneumophila（嗜肺退伍軍人菌）、Candida albicans（白色念珠菌）、Candida tropicalis（熱帶念珠菌）、Candida krusei（克柔氏念珠菌）、Tricophyton rubrum（紅色毛癬菌）以及Entamoeba histolytica（痢疾阿米巴），結果顯示臭氧在水中對上述各種病原菌及原蟲均具有高消毒力，但對毛癬菌之殺菌力稍低。進一步測試臭氧對空氣中病原菌的殺菌力，本研究選用汽化的Mycobacterium fortuitum（偶然分枝桿菌）、Streptococcus pneumoniae（肺炎鏈球菌）、Legionella pneumophila（嗜肺退伍軍人菌）以及B. subtilis（枯草芽胞桿菌）各1株進行測試，結果顯示臭氧對各個測試的空氣媒介病原菌亦展現高殺菌力。另外，本研究發現臭氧對大面積之具有霉味房間的殺黴菌效果在持續48小時處理可達到58.5%。總之，臭氧不論對空氣中或水中的各種病原細菌營養體、酵母菌、黴菌、分枝桿菌、產芽胞細菌具有高殺菌力以及對水中的原蟲顯示高殺蟲力。然而，因臭氧對人類可造成傷害：刺激眼睛、鼻子、喉嚨及黏膜以及引起鼻腔發炎反應，臭氧的使用必須小心監控。

關鍵字

臭氧殺菌力 ； 水／空氣中病原菌 ； 原蟲

並列摘要

Ozone is increasingly being used to disinfect industrial plants and living environments. There are many brands of ozone generators for home use. However, the antimicrobial effect of the ozone produced by these generators is largely unknown. In this study, ozone generated by one commercially available ozone generator was evaluated for its antimicrobial activity at a ＂high＂ setting concentration against one strain each of the following microorganisms in water: Salmonella typhimurium, Salmonella choleraesuis, Salmonella dublin, Shigella sonnei, Aeromonas hydrophila, Escherichia coli O157:H7, Staphylococcus aureus, E. coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Citrobacter sp., Enterobacter cloacae, Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis, Listeria monocytogenes, Legionella pneumophila, Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis, Candida krusei, Tricophyton rubrum, and Entamoeba histolytica. Results showed that ozone had a moderate effect against Trichophyton rubrum but was highly effective against all other microorganisms tested. The effect of ozone against airborne pathogens was tested on aerosolized Mycobacterium fortuitum, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Legionella pneumophila, and B. subtilis. Results showed that ozone was also highly effective against these airborne bacteria. In addition, the fungicidal effect of ozone tested in a large moldy room was found to be 58.5% effective for 48 hours continuous treatment. Taken together, we conclude that ozone is highly effective against both airborne and water-borne microorganisms including bacteria, yeasts, molds, and protozoa. As ozone is harmful to humans, its use needs to be very carefully controlled.

並列關鍵字

Antimicrobial effect of ozone ； airborne and water-borne microorganisms ； protozoa