Table Fellowship and Lukan Christology II: Jesus as Guest, Host and Servant of His Followers

在路加福音中有些最重要的基督論之陳述，是出現在用餐的經文。在耶穌拜訪撒該轉化他生命之時，祂啟示自己來的「目的」：「人子來是要尋找和拯救失喪的人」（19:10）。在福音書較前面的經文中，耶穌將自己來的「方式」和施洗約翰做對照：約翰來的時候禁食，但「人子來，也吃也喝」（7:34）。藉著同桌用餐，耶穌展現幾種不同的角色：最典型的一種是作為用餐的客人，除此之外也扮演主人，或描述自己為餐桌的僕人。在前一期的文章中，筆者已介紹過耶穌成為稅吏和罪人（5:32;7:34;15:1-2;19:1-10），以及法利賽人（路7;11;14）的客人的角色。在這期的文章，則欲闡明耶穌如何向祂的跟隨者展現為「客人」的角色：到家拜訪兩姊妹時，祂帶來自己的話語作為禮物送給她們；拜訪兩個門徒時，祂把他們的絕望變為喜樂（路10;24）。有時，耶穌也扮演用餐時的「主人」：祂供應豐盛的食物給在荒野的數千人（路9）；與門徒一起，祂主持守逾越節的晚餐，在那裡祂用餅和杯的分享承諾自己的生命給他們（路22）；在以馬忤斯村莊，耶穌受邀成為兩個門徒的客人，事實上，祂是扮演成主人的身分，而且祂的擘餅使得他們能夠認出祂來（路24）。最後，在逾越節晚餐的經文中，耶穌呈現自己為「僕人」的身分，祂不只在餐桌上服事門徒，還保證他們和自己會同坐在上帝國的宴席（路22）。作為客人的耶穌引介了上帝救恩的臨在；作為主人和僕人的耶穌期望未來在上帝的國裡，作為宴席君王的角色。根據路加福音的記載，當耶穌在餐桌加入人們時，祂給予人們一個具體經驗救贖的機會。因為死裡復活後的耶穌會繼續和跟隨者同桌團契－作為他們用餐時看不見的客人，祂繼續臨在人們當中引介救贖。

關鍵字

同桌團契；用餐場景；好客；客人；主人；僕人

並列摘要

Some of the most important Christological statements in the Gospel of Luke appear in the context of a meal. Jesus reveals the purpose of his coming during his life-transforming visit to Zacchaeus: ＂The Son of Man came to seek and to save the lost＂ (19:10). Earlier in the Gospel, he contrasts the way of his coming with that of John the Baptist: John came fasting, but ＂the Son of Man has come eating and drinking＂ (7:34). At table Jesus performs different roles: he is most typically presented as guest at meals, but he can also act as host or describe himself as the table servant. In a previous article I have introduced his role as guest of tax collectors and sinners (5:32; 7:34; 15:1- 2; 19:1- 10) and of Pharisees (Lk 7; 11; 14). In this article I intend to show how Jesus appears as guest of his followers: visiting two sisters at home, he brings them the gift of his Word; visiting two disciples, he changes their despair into joy (Lk 10; 24). On occasion, Jesus acts as host at meals: he provides abundant food for a crowd of thousands in the desert (Lk 9); he presides over a Passover meal with his disciples, where he commits his life to them in the shape of bread and wine (Lk 22); having been invited to be the guest of the two disciples at Emmaus, he in fact acts as their host, breaking the bread and so revealing himself to them (Lk 24). Finally, in the context of the Passover meal, Jesus present himself as servant, not only serving the disciples at table, but also guaranteeing them seats at his table in his Kingdom (Lk 22). Jesus as guest mediates God's saving presence; Jesus as host and servant anticipates his future role as Lord of the banquet in the Kingdom of God. According to Luke, when Jesus joins people at table he gives them the opportunity to concretely experience his salvation. Because the risen Jesus continues his table fellowship with his followers, as invisible guest at their meals, he continues to mediate salvation through his presence with them.

並列關鍵字

table fellowship ； meal scenes ； hospitality ； guest ； host ； servant

國際替代計量

Table Fellowship and Lukan Christology II: Jesus as Guest, Host and Servant of His Followers

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