本地利益與全局話語－晚清、民國天門縣歷編水利案牘解讀

Local Interests and the Impartiality of Texts: Documents on Water Disputes from Tianmen County in Late Qing and Republican China

周榮(Rong Zhou)

《歷史人類學學刊》 5卷1期 (2007/04) Pp. 109-136

摘要

晚清、民國時期，湖北江漢平原地區漢水下游南北兩岸各州縣圍繞着漢水堤防潰險堤段的修築、分泄支河的堵塞與疏通等問題，發生了一系列的水利紛爭，在歷次紛爭事件之中或之後，天門縣紳耆不懈地編纂與水利紛爭有關的水利案牘，從而留下了《襄堤成案》、《大澤口成案》、《襄河水利牘匯鈔》等文獻，本文將這些文獻放回明清以來江漢平原水利社會演進的地方歷史脈絡中進行解讀，力圖揭示隱藏在這些文獻全局式話語背後的本地利益取向，並通過對這些文獻的編纂者、編纂意圖和流傳途徑、上達渠道的比較分析，揭示中國基層民眾的民意表達在晚清、民國時期所發生的變化及其複雜性、局限性。

關鍵字

江漢平原 ； 天門縣 ； 水利案牘 ； 晚清 ； 民國

並列摘要

In the late Qing and Republican periods, a series of disputes over water occurred in the Jianghan plains of the Han river, Hubei. These disputes set counties to the north against those to the south and upriver counties against downriver counties. During and after these events, prominent local figures of the Tianmen county gentry compiled numerous collections of documents about the disputes. This paper places these compilations into the context of local history, illustrating that behind the impartial and comprehensive appearance of the texts lay an orientation to local interests, and explores the character of grass-roots popular opinion in the period.

並列關鍵字

Jianghan plain ； Tianmen County ； water disputes ； late Qing ； Republican China