三界神形象的演變與明清西江中游地域社會的轉型

The God of the Three Realms and the History of Local Society on the Middle Reaches of the Xijiang (West) River in Ming-Qing

唐曉濤(Xiao-Tao Tang)

《歷史人類學學刊》 6卷1&2期 (2008/10) Pp. 67-109

摘要

西江中游的廣西潯州府和梧州府地區是三界廟分佈最為集中的地域。自明至清，該地區三界神的形象經歷了由水（蛇）神、瑤人祖公到地域保護神、馮氏宗族祖先的演變與疊加，並最終成為國家祀典神明的過程。這一演化貼切地反映出西江中游地方社會在國家正統文化秩序確立的歷史過程中，地方政治與經濟格局發生重大變化後，族羣形象亦一再轉變。

關鍵字

三界神 ； 西江 ； 水神 ； 地域社會

並列摘要

Xunzhou and Wuzhou Prefectures, on the middle reaches of the Xijiang (West) River in Guangxi Province, have the greatest concentration of temples to the God of the Three Realms. From Ming to Qing, the images of the god in this region underwent a transformation and process of sedimentation from a water or snake deity and the ancestor of the Yao people, into a local protective deity and the ancestor of the Feng lineage, and eventually into a deity recorded in the state register of sacrifice. The transformation in representations of the deity reflects the process of incorporation of the region into state orthodoxy. The changes in symbolic representations that follow political and economic changes thus reflect the cultural processes undergone by local society.

並列關鍵字

the god of the Three Realms ； West River (Xijiang) ； water deity ； local society