利用擔體氰化鈉自鹵化物製備腈類的研究

Studies on the Preparation of Nitriles from Halides Using Supported Sodium Cyanide

施美秀(Mei-Hsiu Shih) ； 劉廣定(Kwang-Ting Liu)

《化學》 42卷4期 (1984/12) Pp. 125-131

https://doi.org/10.6623/chem.1984022

摘要

利用吸附在氧化鋁擔體上的氰化鈉，在烴類溶劑的迴流加熱下，使鹵化物進行腈化反應。本研究所用的方法較文獻記載之方法使用較少量氰化鈉，且反應速率較快。一級鹵化物之GC反應產率可高達100%，二級，三級鹵化物雖然於高溫時會發生脫去反應，但若採用較溫和的反應條件，加長反應時間，仍可提高腈類的產率。

並列摘要

Sodium cyanide on alumina is an efficient reagent for conversion of halides to, nitriles in hydrocarbon solvent. The method developed in this study is demonstrated to be better than the one reported by Re gen and coworkers in many aspects, such as the amount of sodium cyanide/alumina used, reaction temperature and time, and the yield of nitriles. For primary nitrile the yield is nearly quantitative. The reaction of secondary and tertiary halides are more complicated due to the fact of accompanying elimination. Nevertheless, the yield of nitrile could be increased under milder conditions, although a longer reaction time is necessary.