原油與煤液中柏油精化學結構之比較

Chemical Structural Differences Between Petroleum Asphaltenes and Coal Liquid Asphaltenes

張有義(You-lm Chang) ； 晏德福(Teh-Fu Yen)

《化學》 45卷4期 (1987/12) Pp. a214-a221

https://doi.org/10.6623/chem.1987048

摘要

原油柏油精(petroleum asphaltenes)和煤液柏油精(coal liquid asphaltenes)在化學結構上有著明顯的差異。一般說來，煤液柏油精的芳香族係數(aromaticity)比原油柏油精為高。原油柏油精的構造多屬peri-covdensed，而煤液柏油精則屬於katacondensed。煤液柏油精芳香族的碳原子較不易為其他原子所取代(substitution)。原油柏油精的平均分子量為800~2500，煤液柏油精的平均分子量約為400~600。另一重要的差異為煤液柏油精所含的羥基(hydroxyl groups)數和吡咯基(pyrrolic groups)數遠較原油柏油精為高。

並列摘要

The structure of asphaltenes derived from petroleum is different from those of coal. In general, coal-derived asphaltenes have higher aromaticity than petroleum-based asphaltenes. The aromatic system within the petroleum asphaltene is largely peri-condensed, while that of the coal asphaltene is kata-condensed. The substitution of the peripheral carbons in the aromatic system of coal-derived asphaltenes is less than and shorter than that in petroleum asphaltenes. The unit molecular weight of coal asphaltenes is 400-600, whereas that of petroleum asphaltenes is 800-2500, which is reflected in stacking height as well as layer diameter. Another major characteristic difference is that coal asphaltenes contain more hydroxyl and pyrrolic groups in addition to ether-oxygen or basic nitrogen functions than do petroleum asphaltenes.