預濃縮飲用水中微量金屬元素以利石墨爐原子吸收光譜儀分析

Preconcentration of Trace Metals in Drinking Water for Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

林國賢(K. S. Lin) ； 王金龍(C. L. Wang) ； 黃文濤(W. T. Huang) ； 羅建苗(J. M. La) ； 楊正焰(C. Y. Yang)

《化學》 51卷1期 (1993/03) Pp. 11-16

https://doi.org/10.6623/chem.1993002

摘要

本研究提出一種三階段預濃縮步駭配合石墨爐原子吸收光譜儀應用於飲用水中微量金庸元素的測定。此二階段預濃縮步驟包括用二硫胺基甲酸鹽(dithiocarbamate，DTC)從飲用水中萃取微量金屬元素到有機相中，然後再藉Pd(II)水溶液加以反萃。在萃取與反萃的過程中，加大兩相的體積比可提高濃縮倍數。最後的水溶液僅合濃縮金屬元泰和未用盡的Pd(II)頗有利於石墨爐原子吸收光譜儀的測定。本方法靈敏度高，方便又快速，可實際應用於飲用水中微量金屬元素的測定。最後以此預濃縮步驟配合石墨爐原子吸收光譜儀應用於新竹地區飲用水中Pd、Cd、cu、Zn含量的測定，以說明本分析方法的可行性。

並列摘要

In this study, a two-step preconcentration procedure is proposed to be used in conjunction with graphite furnace atomic absorption speetrometry (GFAAS) for the determination of trace metals in water. The two-step preconcentration involves extraction of trace metals from water with dithiocarbamate (DTC) into cholroform followed by back-extraction with a Pd(II) solution. A high enrichment factor could be obtained with the large volume ratio of both phases in the processes of extraction and backextraction. The final aqueous solution containing simply the enriched metals and some of nonreacted Pd(II) was taken for GFAAS. The proposed preconcentration procedure in conjunction with GFAAS is shown to be fast, efficacious and highly sensitive for the determination of trace metals in water, and have pract ically applied to detect Pd, Cd, Cu and Zn in the drinking waters collected around Hsinchu City.