- 期刊
複雜性碳水化合物在生物醫學上的重要性
Biomedical Importance of Complex Carbohydrates
摘要
複雜性碳水化合物是指碳水化合物與蛋白質或油脂以化學鍵結合而成的複合物和多醣類，而其功能與生命現象有著密切的關係者。研究與複雜性碳水化合物有關的生物學稱之(glycobiology)。這些包括醣共軛(是指醣蛋白、醣酯和蛋白多醣的合稱)、細菌的莢膜多醣和格蘭氏陰性細菌的酯多醣。研究這些複雜性碳水化合物的抗原決定因子和生物活性區域的化學構造及結合性質，將有助於暸解這些碳水化合物的分子在生物學和醫學上所扮演的角色。在這篇短文中，我們帶了介紹碳水化合物在構造上的特點、碳水化合物與蛋白質和核酸相異之處外，也談些碳水化合物在生命現象中所扮演的角色，長庚醫學院醣類免疫化學研究室，在院方、國科會及國家衛生署的支持下可從事的研究項目和筆者過去的成果代表。我們期待這門科技能在台灣生根，並與其他科技並駕齊驅，最後成為世界醣類科技環的一份子。
關鍵字
無資料並列摘要
During the past three decades, the sugar moiety of complex carbohydrates has been found to be involved in important interactions with the immunological specificity of antigens and to participate in a variety of cellular functions. The long polysaccharide side chains of the lipopolysaccharides in the outer membrane of Gram negative organisms provide surface antigens for differential serodiagnosis. Bacterial surface lectins are important in mediating the attachment of bacteria to host cells in the pathogenesis of infectious diseases. Epithelial mucus glycoproteins form a barrier to protect host cells against bacterial invasion. The carbohydrate moieties of cell surface glycoconjugates (glycoprotcins and glycolipids) of mammalians are the sites for intercellular recognition and for the regulatory molecular interactions such as interaction with hormones and hepatic lectins. The carbohydrate side chains of many complex carbohydrate s play essential roles as antigenic determinants of human blood group A B. H. Le^a. Le^b. Le^x. Le^y, and Ii activities, as Forssman specific determinant. and as tumor associated antigenic determinents. The sialyl-Le^x is the essential oligosaccha ride involved in the mechanism of inflammation. In this review, variability of sugar structures and examples of biomedical imponance of complex carbohydrates arc described. Research items that can be performed at the Glyco-Immunochemistry Lab.. Chang-Gong Medical College and our previous contribution in glycobiology are Stated.