蒽醌染料

Chemistry of Anthraquinone Dyes

趙豫州(Yu-Chou Chao)

《化學》 54卷1期 (1996/03) Pp. 154-161

https://doi.org/10.6623/chem.1996018

摘要

從市場觀點而言，蒽醌型染是僅次於偶氮型的最重耍的一類染料。它與偶氮型染料相比，其在各種應用條件下之色彩鮮艷度及穩定性均較優，但是著色力較差是其較不利之處。對所有商業化的蔥醌染料，其羰基與在α-位之羥基與胺基可形成分子內氫鍵，導致在可見光區的高強度吸收，其中以1,4位及1,4,5,8位取代基對著色力及近紅光性最有助益。至於羥基與胺基取代之是蒽醌型染料目前尚未發現有互變異構化之現象，而其色彩一結構關係已有相常完整性，主要係依其分子中之π－電子決定，但立體效應也是需考慮的重要因素。

關鍵字

蒽醌 ； 喹納柴林 ； 茜素 ； 安斯拉羅芬 ； 克力洒斯 ； 互變異構性 ； 長波位移 ； 短波位移 ； 著色

並列摘要

From a commercial standpoint, anthraquinone dyes today are still the second most important class of dyes after the azo types. Their main advantages compared to azo dyes are brightness and stability under most application conditions. However, the inheretly lower tinctorial strength of anthraquinone dyes makes them uneconomic against azo dyes. Hydroxy and amino groups in the α-position are intramolecularly hydrogenbonded with the carbonyl group and have intense absorption bands in the visible region of the spectrum, hence all commercial anthraquinone dyes are of this type. The most favourable substitution patterns for high tinctorial strength and bathochromicity are 1,4 and 1,4,5,8. Consequently the majority of commercial anthraquinone dyes are based on these systems. Tautomerism has not been observed in hydroxy -and aminoanthraquinone dyes. Colour-structure relationship are complex but depend primarily on the lI' -e1ectronic makeup of the molecule, although steric effects can also be important.

並列關鍵字

Anthraquinone ； Quini zarin ； Alizarin ； Anthrarufin ； Chrysazin ； Tautomerism ； Bathochromic ； Hypsochromic ； Tinctorial ； Excited ； Grounded ； Leuco