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功能性方形超分子材料的發展現況

Recent Progress on Functional Supramolecular Materials Based on Molecular Squares

摘要


近年來,以分子方形為基礎的功能性超分子材料的迅速發展令人驚奇。這樣的發展趨勢,其中一個很重要的關鍵乃在於此類方形超分子在固態結構中常存在開放性的通道堆疊,此一維通道特性主要來自於π…π 作用力的堆疊,而此種類似沸石架構的特性,成為往後各種應用的基礎。本文簡述了分子篩選、化學感應、和化學催化的應用。最後,我們也介紹另一類籠狀結構的巨型分子。這類巨型分子所圍成的孔洞具有包覆受質能力的特性使得超分子化學的應用性更加的寬廣和有價值的。從早期有趣結構的合成為出發點,到現在應用性的探討,從合成和設計上的追求挑戰和突破,到現在廣泛的功能性超分子被發展和應用,超分子化學的光明榮景將是永續的。

並列摘要


Design, synthesis, and applications of functional supramolecular materials based on molecular squares have recently attracted much attention. The key point is that this class of supramolecular materials are often stacked to form one-dimensional channels through π…π interactions, and further formed as three-dimensional zeolite-like structures. In addition, the cage-like supramolecular structures can function as hosts to entrap guests with stereoselectivity or size compatibility to carry out molecular-recognition studies or catalytic reactions. There is no doubt that the functional supramolecular materials would be very important not only in their interesting structural and spectroscopic properties, but also the potential applications in chemical sieving, sensing, and catalysis.

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