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分析化學在鑑識科學上之應用

The Application of Analytical Methods for Forensic Science

摘要


由於犯案手法不斷地翻新且趨向科技化,使得犯罪現場經過清理、加工、變造、偽造…等方法湮滅證據後,遺留在犯罪現場的證物已寥寥無幾,現場處理人員所採得之證物幾乎是微量的,受限於傳統的鑑識方法對較多證物量的需求,因此,當今鑑識科技也需要朝著「微量科技」發展,分析化學的進展提供了鑑識科學迫切的需求,在強調科技整合的今日,分析化學在鑑識科學的應用扮演了不可或缺的角色,特別是在化學鑑識上幾乎是密不可分的。由於分析化學及鑑識科學領域包羅萬象,難以有限之篇幅詳加描述,本文僅就目前在國內常用的幾種關於化學鑑識所應用的儀器、原理及分析方法等介紹及實際案例探討,內容包括分離方法、層析法、質譜法、紅外線光譜法、掃瞄式電子顯微/X-射線能譜分析法、導感偶合電漿原子發射光譜法、核磁共振光譜法等,希望能引起化學界先進的重視,一起開發鑑識科學新方法,以突破鑑識科學之瓶頸。

並列摘要


Changes in the forensic world have meant that decreased evidences. The most important evidence in most criminal cases now is not fingerprint or blood-stained knife, but rather, small, often microscopic-sized bits of materials referred to as trace evidence. In a crime scene, a successful solution to the case lies largely in faultless crime scene processing as well as reliable physical evidence examination. Forensic science is undergoing a revolution that is being driven by new technology. New analytical methods and instrumentation for the chemical sciences have created unprecedented opportunities to collect and examine criminal evidence. Analysis techniques for forensic science such as chemical separation, chromatography, mass spectrometry, infrared microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy are discussed in this article, and relevant examples are provided. To help the forensic scientists in Taiwan, this article can provide complete information of analytical techniques employed in forensic science.

被引用紀錄


鄭聿喜(2016)。刑事鑑定與刑事判決的對話-以機關鑑定為核心〔碩士論文,國立中正大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0033-2110201614042657

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