質譜技術於藥物濫用防制之應用

Mass Spectrometry Application in Drug Abuse Control

柳家瑞(Chia-Reiy Liu) ； 簡俊生(Chun-Sheng Chien)

《化學》 65卷2期 (2007/06) Pp. 145-150

https://doi.org/10.6623/chem.2007016

摘要

濫用藥物檢驗為政府反毒措施的支持性技術，行政院衛生署自民國87年建立尿液檢驗實驗室認可制度，採用免疫學法初篩及氣相層析質譜法確認的二段式檢測。近年認可機構每年約有17萬件的檢驗量，認可品項包括安非他命類、鴉片類、及大麻共7項。我國濫用藥物尿液檢驗參考美國聯邦工作場所人員藥檢計畫之技術及管理規範，不僅嚴謹詳細且有良好配套，係質譜技術應用典範之一。近年毒品及管制藥品檢驗有ASTM等制訂技術規範，質譜技術因分辨能力佳，屬三類應用技術中的A類技術。因新興濫用藥物品項增加及種類日趨複雜，需要系統性快速檢驗方法，目前以氣相層析質譜法為主，而液相層析質譜法應用增加中，未來質譜技術在藥物濫用防制上仍有相當大發展空間。

關鍵字

管制藥品 ； 毒品

並列摘要

Drug testing is the technical basis of many government anti-drug strategies. In order to have satisfactory testing service both in quality and quantity, the Department of Health has established an accreditation program of urine drug testing laboratories since 1998. A preliminary immunoassay screen and GC/MS confirmation strategy is used. There are about 170 thousand urine specimens tested by the twelve to fourteen laboratories each year. Methamphetamine, amphetamine, morphine, codeine, MDMA, MDA, and marihuana are currently accredited drug items. The technical and management regulations of urine drug testing laboratories are introduced from US mandatory guidelines for federal workplace drug testing programs, they are rigorous, well matched and have matured over the past near thirty years of development. As for drug testing, ASTM issued standard practice in recent year, mass spectrometry is considered very specific, and is classified as A class of the three A to C classes of testing technologies. While government and public laboratories are responsible for most of the drug testing work, and GC/MS is also one of the most used methods. As the future expects new and more complicated drugs of abuse problem, systematic and rapid testing methods are in need. At present, GC/MS is the technology most used, but more LC/MS/MS applications are appearing, the mass spectrometry technology in general can be applied and be very useful in drug testing thus drug control in the future.

並列關鍵字

Controlled drug ； Drug