同步輻射小角度X光散射在化學材料之應用

An Introduction to Small-angle X-Ray Scattering Instrument for Structural Studies with Chemical Materials

莊偉綜(Wei-Tsung Chuang) ； 鄭有舜(U-Ser Jeng) ； 蘇秋琿(Chiu Hun Su) ； 蘇群仁(Chen-Jen Su) ； 廖桂芬(Kuei-Fen Laio)

《化學》 67卷3期 (2009/09) Pp. 253-263

https://doi.org/10.6623/chem.2009025

摘要

小角度X光散射(Small-Angle X-ray Scattering, SAXS)為一探索奈米結構之極佳量測工具，它的優點在於樣品制備方便(可供塊材、膠體、液體和薄膜等樣品測試)、容易變換樣品環境(溫度、濕度…等)和可進行臨場(in-situ)量測。寬廣的應用領域，包括無機奈米金屬粒子(nanoparticles)、有機和無機混成材料(hybrid materials)、軟物質材料(soft matter)和生命科學研究等。本文將以同步輻射小角度X光散射其儀器功能出發，應用在高分子材料研究上作一實例簡介。為希望透過實例介紹儀器功能啟發讀者對同步輻射小角度X光散射研究之興趣。

關鍵字

小角度X光散射 ； 高分子材料 ； 奈米結構

並列摘要

At the National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center (NSRRC) a small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) instrument has been installed to the BL23A beamline. SAXS is a powerful tool to probe the nanostructure, including nanoparticle, hybrid material, soft matter and biological macromolecules etc. Advantages of Synchrotron-based SAXS instrument are the ease of controlling sample conditions and for in-situ studies which follow the response of a system to perturbation in a designed environment, e.g. temperature, humidity, and shear flow etc. In this report, we describe this SAXS instrument, and illustrate the instrument performance via measurements with some cases of polymeric materials, including: (1) simultaneous measurements with SAXS, WAXS, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) for correlated changes of crystalline structure in melting process and nanostructure of a polymer in isothermal crystallization, (2) evolution of the long ordering structure (~200 nm) of a supramolecular complex which comprises a diblock copolymer grafted with small nonmesogens of a liquid crystal phase, (3) SAXS for a polymer blend under an in-situ drawing with a tensile stress tester.

並列關鍵字

Small-angle X-ray scattering ； Polymer materials ； Nano-structure