- 期刊
大分子藥物之經皮傳輸新利器－無痛式高分子微針貼片
Painless Polymeric Microneedle Patches for Transdermal Delivery of Macromolecular Drugs
摘要
近年來，微針貼片被認為是經皮傳輸如DNA、蛋白質與疫苗等生物巨分子藥物之新工具，利用此微米尺度的小針可輕易地刺穿皮膚角質層，製造出能讓大分子藥物順利進入皮膚的通道，卻又不會引起明顯的傷口與疼痛感。目前市售的微針大部份是以矽或是金屬材料為主，然而這類的微針在使用上卻有安全性的顧慮，例如被蓄意地重覆使用或是在操作過程中意外地折斷於皮膚內等。利用生物可降解性或水溶性高分子材料製備的微針，能完全地於皮膚中降解或溶解，使用者不必擔心微針斷裂後永久殘留或是重覆使用的衛生安全，也不會有廢棄針頭處理上的問題。本文將介紹目前高分子微針貼片相關研究的最新發展，內容包括微針材料的選擇、高分子微針製程、微針幾何構形對穿刺效力之影響與其在經皮疫苗傳輸的應用作一概略介紹。
並列摘要
Recently, microneedle patches have been proposed as a new tool for transdermal delivery of macromolecular drugs such as DNA, protein or vaccine. Needles with micron-scale dimensions can pierce through the stratum corneum (the skin barrier of transdermal delivery) to create holes large enough for macromolecules to enter, but small enough to keep away from pain or considerable damage. Current available microneedles are mostly made from silicon or metal. However, there are some safety concerns if these permanent microneedles are reused purposely or accidentally, or if they break off in the skin. On the contrary, utilizing biodegradable or dissolving polymeric materials could eradicate these concerns, because the needles can safely and fully degrade or dissolve within the skin, and the needle-free patches could be discharged without leaving dangerous sharps. This article provides an overview of the progress in polymeric microneedle research and design, and the advancements that have been made in utilizing this technology for transdermal vaccine delivery.