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利用液相多維分離技術進行蛋白質體學之胜肽分餾分析

Peptide Fractionation by Multidimensional Liquid-based Separation Techniques for Proteomic Analysis

摘要


現今以質譜為基礎的蛋白質體學研究多使用散彈槍蛋白質體學法來進行實驗,此方法先利用水解酶將複雜的蛋白質樣品水解為胜肽,因水解後的胜肽樣品複雜度大為提高,且各種胜肽之濃度差距相當大,若直接送入質譜分析常造成低濃度的胜肽不易被偵測,因此會利用多維液相分離後,再送入串聯式質譜儀進行蛋白質身分鑑定。至今仍沒有任何一種分離技術能在一次實驗中鑑定到複雜生物檢體中所有的胜肽,因此需運用多維分離技術來降低樣品複雜度以增加蛋白質之胜肽覆蓋率及鑑定到低含量或是具有後轉譯修飾蛋白質的機率。多維分離技術之效率可由兩大要素判斷:一為單獨分離方法之訊號容量,二為串聯分離方法彼此間之正交性。目前常見用來搭配微流逆相層析串聯式質譜的胜肽分離技術有:離子交換層析法、逆相層析法、親水作用層析法以及等電點焦集法。本篇文章將針對上述胜肽分離技術之原理及其在蛋白質體學上的應用加以介紹。

並列摘要


Shotgun proteomics based on multidimensional liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) provides a powerful tool for global characterization of proteomes. To date, there is no single peptide separation approach that allows all peptides to be identified from a complex biological sample. A multidimensional separation strategy to reduce the complexity of the protein sample is an essential need. The multidimensional separation performance depends on the peak capacity in each dimension, and separation orthogonality. Several separation techniques, connecting with nanoLC-MS/MS, are often applied in this field; among them include ion-exchange chromatography, reverse-phase chromatography, hydrophilic interactions chromatography and isoelectric focusing. In this review, we attempt to introduce the principles of their operations and rationales for their implementation.

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