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半導體材料的晶面效應及進展

Facet-dependent Properties of Semiconductor Materials and Research Progress

摘要


半導體晶體粒子基本上都具有導電性、光催化活性及光學性質的晶面效應。從密度泛函理論(DFT)計算結果發現晶體之不同晶面的數層晶格面裡會呈現不同的能帶結構,且在表面這一薄層裡,其鍵長和鍵的方位可能會有些許的變化,因此可以用這表面薄層的不同來理解半導體晶體的各種晶面效應。另外也可於晶體表面修飾分子以改變表面的能帶結構,可有效使光催化活性增強。此表面薄層存在的證據應可用X光繞射(XRD)及高解析電子顯微鏡(HR-TEM)圖的變化來呈現。

並列摘要


Semiconductor crystals generally possess facet-dependent electrical conductivity, photocatalytic activity, and optical properties. From results of DFT calculations, all these phenomena can be understood to arise from the presence of a thin surface layer with slight bond length variations and bond direction deviations to yield dissimilar band structures for different crystal surfaces. Molecular functionalization can tune the surface band structure and thus enhance photocatalytic activity. Efforts have begun to use XRD and HR-TEM methods to probe the existence of the surface layer.

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