中部地區長期療養機構住民身體、認知功能及問題行為的評估

本研究目的，在探討中部地區立案之長期療養機構，護理之家與養護機構之住民，其身體功能、認知功能及行為問題之評估，並比較兩類機構住民彼此之差異。研究對象為護理之家與養護機構住民共290人。採訪問調查法，以結構式問卷收集資料，以SPSS進行統計分析。結果顯示所有住民平均年齡為79歲，有一半以上不識字、無配偶、居住機構超過一年以上。身體功能方面，以巴氏量表及柯氏量表評估，兩機構住民均顯示一半以上為完全依賴且屬於第四級。認知功能方面，以MMSE量表評估，兩機構住民其得分9分以下均占一半以上，問題行為方面，均以困擾他人行為居多。顯然兩類機構雖有差異，但同質性很高，住民的高依賴程度，均需技術性護理及密集的生活照護，政府單位宜將兩類機構加以整合。

關鍵字

長期療養機構；身體功能；認知功能；問題行為

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to explore the physical function and mental status of residents, living in the long-term care facilities ( LTCF ) in the middle area of Taiwan, and also to compare the differences within nursing home and the other facilities. Subjects will be recruited from the registered LTCF. Sample size is 290. The method of the study is a survey by using structured questionnaire. Data were be analyzed by SPSS statistical software packages. The result of this study revealed that the average age of the residents was 79.0,over 50% were illiteracy, hadn't spouse and their institutionalized time were over 1 year. At the respect of their physical function, Barthel index and Karnofsky scare showed that over half of the residents were completely dependently and at the fourth grade. About their mental status, there are over a half person get the scores below 9 by MMSE, and about their behavior problems, the distracted behaviors are the most. Obviously, although there are small differences between the two facilities, they are almost the same. They both need skilled nursing and ADL care, therefore I suggest that the government should integrate the two type of facilities.