私立技職大學院校優質導師本位能力之探討

導師工作的推展對於促進校園師生關係的和諧，以及使學生安心向學等工作有著十分密切的關係，而擔任導師的教師本身是否具有良好導師所必備的能力，更是導師功能能否落實與發揮的關鍵。隨著校園環境與世代的變遷，優良導師所須具備的能力也有所不同。本研究以兩所私立技職大學院校258位學生及188位教師為樣本，對24個優質導師本位能力進行因素和信度分析後，歸納出五項優質的導師本位能力因素，分別是「協助學生」、「專業與品德」、「幽默樂觀」、「才能卓越」、「儀容形象」，其中以「協助學生」最具解釋力。就相對重要性高低來看，前三者的重要性相當高，顯示導師是否具備這些本位能力對於發揮導師功能非常重要。本研究也發現，學生與教師對上述五項導師本位能力因素的相對重要性之看法都相當一致，咸認為其中最重要的是「協助學生」，重要性最低的是導師的「儀容形象」。對學生而言，在「協助學生」因素上，以導師能作到「平易近人」最為重要。在大部份的情況下，學生比教師更看重這些本位能力因素，顯示出學生對導師本位能力的要求比教師自身的要求還高。學生年級的高低對於導師本位能力因素，顯示出學生對導師本位能力的要求比教師自身的要求還高。學生年級的高低對於導師本位能力的重視或需求程度也有所不同：低年級的學生或比高年級學生重視導師的「儀容形象」，然而高年級卻比低年級學生較在乎導師能否「協助學生」。對教師而言，專科部的導師比大學部的導師更重視這五項導師本位能力因素。本研究並根據上述研究結果對導師工作之推展提出相關建議。

關鍵字

導師；本位能力；科技大學；技術學院

並列摘要

The implementation of the tutors' tasks is closely related to the harmony between students and faculty members on the campus, and to the stability of students' motive toward learning. Whether the tutors have the required competences is the key to the implementation of the tutors' tasks. These required competences for tutors are changing along with the changing campus environment and the changing generation. The purpose of this study is to find the competences for excellent tutors at Private Vocational and Technological Institutes in Taiwan, and to understand the relative importance among these competences as well as the demographical influences on them. The subjects consist of 258 students and 188 teachers at two Private Vocational and Technological Institutes in Taiwan. They are asked to rate the importance level on each of the 24 items of competences for excellent tutors. Through factor analysis and reliability analysis, five competence factors emerge ＂assistance to students＂, ＂professionalism and integrity＂, ＂optimistic and humorous＂, ＂outstanding talent＂, and ＂distinguished appearance and image＂, with the factor ＂to facilitate students＂ the most explanatory. The importance level of the first three factors above are high, showing these factors to be really vital to the implementation of the tutors' tasks. Regarding the relative importance among the five competence factors, the viewpoints of students and teachers are quite similar, rating the factor ＂assistance to students＂ the most important, and the factor ＂distinguished appearance and image＂ the least important. For students, the most important tutor competence is easy approachability. Students rate five competence factors more important than teachers for the most part. Younger students rate the factor ＂distinguished appearance and image＂ more important than older students, while older students rate the factor ＂assistance to students＂ more important than the younger. Tutors at junior college level emphasize more than teachers at college on all the five competence factors. Suggestions are provided based on the research results.