服食強酸強鹼自殺身亡病人之危險因素探討

本研究目的旨在探討服食強酸強鹼自殺身亡病人之相關危險因素，研究採病歷回溯方式，以邏輯斯迴歸分析探討自殺身亡病人相關危險因素之危險性。樣本為民國86年1月至90年7月間，某醫學中心之ICD分類碼947.3和947.2的自殺病人，共得樣本169人。結果發現：（1）服食強酸強鹼自殺三個月內身亡的比率為17.2%。（2）服食強酸強鹼自殺的病人所使用之自殺溶液以洗廁劑與鹽酸最多佔79.2%。（3）會服食強酸強鹼自殺的病人以情緒障礙比率最高42.0%。（4）與自殺身亡有關之危險因子包括「自殺原因」、「治療方式」、與「血中PH值」三變項。即病人情緒障礙相對於其他原因自殺身亡之危險性（Odds Ratio; OR）為9.959；接受侵入性治療相對於入院觀察病人身亡的危險性為6.491；血中PH值異常病人相對於正常者身亡的危險性為5.397。根據以上結果建議：日後於急診針對自殺個案中，發現血中酸鹼值異常，需接受侵入性治療者，應立即加以監測生命徵象與相關生化指標，以防止死亡之發生。

關鍵字

自殺；強酸強鹼溶液

並列摘要

The purpose of this paper was to explore the risk factors of suicide died cases who drank strong acid or alkali solution. Retrospective study design was conducted and 169 subjects (ICD number 947.3 and 947.2) were collected in a medical center hospital in central Taiwan. Data collected from 1st January 1997 and 31st December 2001. Logistical regression analysis was used for EOR (estimate odds ratio). The results showed: (1) There were 17.2% suicide cases died. (2) the most suicide solution cases used were washing toilet solution and HCl (79.2%). (3) The major cause cases suicide was emotional disorder (42.0%). (4) Under controlling others variables, there were three factors related to suicide died cases, i.e. suicide causes (emotional disorder /others variables OR=9.959), treatment (invasive/ observation OR=6.491),PH value (abnormal/ normal OR=5.397). According this results, researcher recommend nurses in emergency room must pay more attention when suicide cases who is PH value abnormal, and accepted invasive treatment, should monitoring their PH value to prevent patient died.