機構老人憂鬱感、希望感、死亡態度及其相關之探討

A Study of the Relationships among Depression, Hope and Attitudes toward Death in Institutionalized Elders

藍育慧(Yii-Hai Lan) ； 趙淑員(Su-Yuan Chao) ； 莊照明(Chao-Ming Chuang) ； 林昭卿(Chao-Ching Lin) ； 施明標(Ming-Piao Shin)

《弘光學報》 53期 (2008/08) Pp. 1-13

https://doi.org/10.6615/HAR.200808.53.01

摘要

本比較描述性研究設計為瞭解入住機構老人的精神狀態與面對死亡態度，以方便取樣方式，選取一家公寓之家、二家安養院及二家護理之家共268位機構老人為對象，透過結構式問卷以自行作答或逐題訪談方式收集資料，以SPSS 11.0統計軟體分析其基本特性、希望感、憂鬱感、死亡態度及其之間的相關。結果顯示，入住機構的老人，多數為女性、無偶、70歲以上、國高中以上教育程度、有宗教信仰但參與程度不頻繁，經濟狀況夠用，多數自覺不快樂且有憂鬱傾向。其中宗教信仰與虔誠度、經濟狀態、居住型態等為影響機構老人之憂鬱感與希望感之因素；公寓老人之希望感顯著高於安養院或公寓的老人。同時，機構老人之希望感與憂鬱感分別與正負向死亡態度有顯著相關，其中護理之家老人負向死亡態度顯著高於安養院或公寓老人。因此，建議機構照護人員：除定時評估住民生理狀態外，亦應涵括心理狀態；加強有意義的人際網絡與宗教資源之建立，提升老人希望感來協助坦然面對死亡，改善負向的死亡態度，以增進照護的品質。

關鍵字

希望感 ； 憂鬱 ； 死亡態度

並列摘要

This comparative descriptive research is designed to explore the depression, sense of hope and the attitude toward death of the elders in the institutions. Using a convenient sampling method, we recruited the elders from one assisted dwelling house, two senior care centers and two nursing homes. Two hundred and sixty-eight elders participated in this study. A structured questionnaire was used for data collection by interviewing the elders or answering by themselves. The Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS), version 11.0, was applied to analyze the data. Most of the elders in the study were females, aged over 70 years old, no spouse, educated in junior or senior high school level, and without the financial problem. All the above elders had religious beliefs, but did not participate in religious activities on a regular basis. Most of them felt unhappy and tend to be depressive. The sense of hope of the elders in the senior care center was higher than that in the assisted dwelling house and nursing home. The negative attitude toward death of the elders in the nursing home is higher than that in the senior care center and the assisted dwelling house. The degree of religious beliefs, economic state, and residing style are the major factors related to the elder’s depression and sense of hope. Further, the sense of hope and the depression bear close relations to the positive and negative attitudes, respectively, of the elders toward death. It is suggested that the institutions should provide spiritual care for them by means of enhancing an interpersonal network, enriching religious resources, improving the elder’s sense of hope, developing a positive attitude toward death, and eventually promoting the quality care for the elders.

並列關鍵字

Hope ； Depression ； Death Attitude

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