研究背景:衛福部國健署的資料顯示,飲食不均衡對慢性疾病的防治有顯著的影響;此外,若 干因老化現象始出現的慢性疾病,有逐漸年輕化的趨勢。由於疾病年輕化趨勢以及大學生特殊飲食 習慣與環境等現象的存在,關於大學生的健康意識、健康認知、飲食習慣與行為之間的關係,以及 可能的影響因素與變化等問題,值得持續關注與探討。研究目的:瞭解大學生自覺健康、健康認知 與飲食行為之間的相關性;根據研究結果,提出促進大學生有較佳之健康認知與健康飲食行為之建議,以及後續相關研究之參考。研究方法:本研究以中部地區四所大學在學學生為對象,以問卷調 查法進行資料蒐集。共發放600份問卷,回收590份,有效回收率為98.3%。問卷資料採用SPSS19.0統計套裝軟體分別進行描述性統計、信度分析、獨立樣本t檢定、單因子變異數分析、皮爾森相關分析、多元迴歸分析等統計方法,了解相關變項與因素構面之間的相關情形。結論與建議:大學生在各構面的認知,分別會因為性別、有無打工、居住情況、父、母親教育程度、個人每月可支用金額及運動習慣等個人特質的不同而有顯著差異。此外,大學生在自覺健康、健康認知與飲食行為三構面的認知之間,均有顯著的正相關;自覺健康的認知對飲食行為具有顯著的正向影響。有運動習慣的大學生在各構面的平均得分,均顯著地較無運動習慣者為佳,大學生應正視個人適當運動習慣的培養。受訪大學生各構面的平均得分均偏低,建議學校應能透過相關課程、講座或動態活動,協助學生建立正確的健康認知與較佳的飲食行為。
According to the official data of government, it will be a negative impacted on health due to the non-proportionate diet. Besides, the increasing number of young people suffering chronics, the health consciousness and diet behaviors of students of university worth to be concerned. Purpose: The purpose of this article was to investigate the relationships and variations of health awareness, health cognitions and diet behaviors of university students in central Taiwan. Methods: 600 subjects were invited (valid returned rate was 98.3%) in this study. A structural questionnaire and convenience sampling method were used to make data collection. Results and Suggestions: In this study, the respondents' perceptions of health awareness, health cognitions and diet behaviors showed significant differences by sex, temporary working, reside, parents' educations, disposable income and exercise habits variances. In respondents' perceptions, there was a significant positive correlation between the dimensions of health awareness, health cognitions and diet behaviors. Besides, for the reviewers, the health awareness revealed positive influence to diet behaviors significantly. From this study, response students that had exercise habits showed better perceptions in vary dimensions than non-exercise habits ones. That worth the university students to recognize the results of exercise habits influence health situation, especially in trend of young people suffering chronics.