- 期刊
專利低溫與傳統碾製法米糠中功能性化學成分分析
An Analysis of Functional Components in Rice Bran Extracts for Low-temperature and Conventional Grinding Methods
摘要
本研究以兩種不同專利儀器碾製方法碾磨米糠並與一般市售碾磨米糠比較，利用乙醇與正己烷萃取其成分後，以氣相層析質譜儀分析比較不同碾製法對於成分含量的影響。實驗結果發現，正己烷的萃取率為乙醇的1.9-2.81倍、以正己烷萃出的角鯊烯為乙醇的1.18-3.1倍，但以乙醇萃取的植物固醇（菜油固醇、豆甾醇、β-谷甾醇），平均則為正己烷的1.93倍。不論以乙醇或是正己烷均能自兩種台灣來源之米糠萃取出高達79-84%的脂肪酸，黑龍江來源的米糠則能萃出更多植物固醇及角鯊烯（乙醇31.48%、正己烷48.16%）。實驗結果亦發現，較長的研磨時間與較低的萃取濕度，都有較高萃取率。而以低溫碾製法與一般碾製法相較，無論是以乙醇或正己烷萃取，皆有較高的萃取率。植物固醇已被證實能降低血液或是血漿中總膽固醇及低密度脂蛋白的含量，並具有抗腫瘤、抗發炎、抗動脈粥及抗氧化等功效。而角鯊烯為膽固醇代謝的中間代謝物，具有抗氧化、抗腫瘤、對於皮膚有很好的保濕效果及保護作用，非常適合應用於化妝品產業中。
並列摘要
In this study, two different patented grinding methods of rice bran are compared to the general market method. After the use of ethanol and n-hexane to extract the grind rice bran, chemical components of the extracts were analyzed by gas chromatography mass spectrometry. Experimental results showed that n-hexane extraction rate was 1.9-2.81 times of ethanol and the amount of squalene extracted by n-hexane is 1.18-3.1 times of ethanol, but the phytosterols (campesterol, stigmasterol, β-sitosterol) those were extracted by ethanol was 1.12-5.41 times of n-hexane. Up to 81-84% of fatty acids can be detected from the sources of the two kinds of Taiwan rice bran extracts whether extraction by alcohol or hexane. More phytosterols and squalene (31.48% extracted by ethanol, 48.16% extracted by n-hexane) can be detected from Heilongjiang rice bran extracts. The results were also found that longer grinding time and lower extraction humidity can increase the rate of extraction. The patented grinding method has higher extraction rate than the general market method not only by using ethanol but also by n-hexane. Phytosterols have been shown to lower total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein levels of blood or plasma and have anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, anti-atherosclerosis and anti-oxidation effects. The squalene is an intermediate metabolite of cholesterol metabolism. It has anti-oxidation, anti-tumor properties, good for skin moisturizing and protective effect and very suitable for the cosmetics industry.