社會網絡分析應用在社區發展之研究－以屏東縣竹田鄉社區為例

The Research of Social Network Analysis Applying on Community Development: Case Study on Jhutian Township, Ping Tung County

陳定銘(Ting-Ming Chen) ； 潘蓉慧(Jung-Hui Pan)

《政策與人力管理》 4卷1期 (2013/06) Pp. 107-140

https://doi.org/10.29944/PPM.201306_4(1).0004

摘要

臺灣自一九九○年代起，社區發展政策重視以社區資產盤點、共識與動員的途徑，強調社區永續發展的重要性。藉由社會網絡分析方法，將社區行動者的位置予以具象化，進而透過網絡判斷資訊、資源與權力的流向，將有助於了解社區內個人、組織與社會連結的關係。本研究將「資產為基礎的社區發展途徑」結合社會網絡分析方法，進行竹田社區個案之實證探討。首先，對於竹田社區資產進行盤點與歸納；其次，藉由社會網絡分析梳理社區中不同行動者（資產）所扮演的角色，並輔以深度訪談來了解目前社區發展的概況。研究發現，由於竹田鄉為傳統客家村庄，係屬於內聚型的社會資本型態，平時往來互動密切，通常互動頻繁的行動者往往亦是信任合作互助的對象，在資源資訊上樂於分享。因此，在平時互動與合作互助網絡中，具備相對較高動員能力或資源掌握者，在社區中較為活躍。其次，在資源資訊網絡的部分，其來源則是以「鄉」、「縣」層級為主。研究建議包括：推動以竹田驛站為核心的社區聯盟運作模式、鼓勵以當地產業為推手提供社區拓展的機會，以及強調以地方政府作為社區資源輔導與媒合平台。

關鍵字

社區發展 ； 社區資產 ； 社會網絡分析 ； 竹田鄉

並列摘要

Since the 1990s, the community development policies in Taiwan have focused on asset inventory, unity and mobilization in the community, and emphasized on the importance of sustainable development. By using social network analysis approach, the status of community activists can be visualized so as to identify the afflux of information, resources, and power, which will be helpful to comprehend the connection between individuals and organizations in the community and the society. The paper will discuss the case study of Jhutian community, collaborating asset-based community development and social network analysis methods. First, to generalize and inventory the assets in Jhutian community. Second, to distinguish the roles of the community activists through social network analysis in order to make a profile of community development at the moment. The research found that traditional Hakka village of Jhutian Township, belonging to a bonding social capital, usually between interact frequently actors are also the objective of trust and cooperation and willing to share in the resources information. Among daily interaction and cooperation network, many activists that have more mobilizing power or hold more resources in the community. In addition, the resource and information networks are classified according to ‘township’ and ‘county’ level. Thus, the paper suggests to promote the community league operating mode centered by Jhutian post station, encourage local industry to provide chances of community expansion, and emphasize on making local government the stage of consulting and coordinating the community resources.

並列關鍵字

Community development ； Community assets ； Social network analysis ； Jhutian Township