莫拉克災後原住民社區文化空間營造：以屏東三大永久屋基地為例

Construction of Culture Space in Indigenous Community after Disaster: The Case Study of Three Permanent Housing Bases in Pingtun

胡哲豪(Valagas Gadeljeman) ； 台邦．撒沙勒(Sasala Taiban)

《政策與人力管理》 10卷1期 (2019/06) Pp. 109-138

https://doi.org/10.29944/PPM.201906_10(1).0004

摘要

莫拉克災後，大部分原住民災後重建的研究著重於家屋前庭及公共空間之文化營造，卻忽略了社區裡出現的各種形式的牆面彩繪是居民訴求意見的方式。永久屋基地的牆面塗鴉與彩繪吸引不少觀光客的注視，然而除了欣賞牆上奪人眼目的異文化圖騰之外，人們是否想過牆面上的文字與圖案對災民的意義是什麼？族人如何透過牆面彩繪對新起而陌生的空間重新產生認同，進而修復永久屋建築空間裡那層斷裂的文化？本研究不是要誇耀當代災後建築技術如何讓災民有了安穩棲身之地，而是要凸顯災民如何透過牆上的文字與圖案拾回斷裂的集體記憶與文化認同，以及刮除外界長期對災民的污名化及不當想像。有趣的是，賦予這些藝術行動背後卻是此建築空間所帶出的社會與文化修復能量，讓永久屋的原住民個人或藝術工作者透過壁畫傳達流失中的古老歷史，透過塗鴉行動對異質空間產生集體的認同。

關鍵字

莫拉克 ； 永久屋 ； 災難塗鴉 ； 民族誌調查 ； 災後重建空間

並列摘要

After Typhoon Morakot, most of the research on the reconstruction of indigenous people focused on the cultural construction of home atrium and public space, but neglected the various forms of wall graffiti and painting appearing in the community is the method of the resident appeal for opinions. The wall graffiti and painting of the permanent house base attracted the attention of many tourists, but apart from admiring the different cultural totem on the wall, do people ever think about the meaning of the words and patterns on the wall to the victims? How can the people regain recognition of the new and unfamiliar space through wall painting, and then repair the broken culture in the building space of the permanent houses? This study is not to boast about how the current post-disaster building technology has allowed the victims to have a safe place to live, but to highlight how the victims recover the collective memory and cultural identity of the break through the words and patterns on the wall, as well as to scrape apart the long-term stigmatization and improper imagination of the victims. Interestingly, what is behind these artistic actions is the social and cultural healing energy that this architectural space brings out, allowing indigenous individuals or artists in permanent houses to convey the ancient history of the loss through murals and to create a collective recognition of heterogeneous spaces through graffiti action.

並列關鍵字

Morakot ； Permanent Housing ； Graffiti ； Ethnographic ； Post-disaster Space