疫情危機下社區防疫的公眾知覺價值與風險溝通行為：問題解決情境理論的分析觀點

在新冠疫情衝擊下，防疫政策所涉及的地方利害關係群體既龐雜且多元。故在政策過程中，可能呈現公私群體針對健康、環境與社會經濟等核心價值何者為重的觀點分岐。為精確解構社區公眾的防疫價值認知，並建構出切合風險溝通認知的行為，本研究乃規劃在「問題解決情境理論」的分析基礎上，針對社區利害關係群體之危機情境價值認知與風險溝通行為進行深入探討。具體來說，研究者乃設定出「疫情危機下地方公眾對臺南市社區防疫的政策認知」主題，期望延用具多元評準衡量效度的社會判斷理論以針對臺南市進行社區防疫的社會實驗。研究焦點首先在於探究在不同危機情境下，社區不同群體展現出的防疫價值認知與歧異；與此同時，也探究這些群體在不同情境下所呈現的風險溝通認知區別，並循證判定出受測者本身的具體公眾角色。研究結果發現，經由心理認知衡量的準實驗，地方多元群體對面對不同危機情境時，乃呈現出對社區防疫等公共衛生政策的價值認知模式與風險溝通原則，由此得以精確解構社區防疫政策之公眾認知與作為。基於本年度研究，研究成果除由此充實了社區防疫與危機管理的理論與實務意涵外，並可提供中央與地方日後推展防疫政策與擬定防疫措時時之決策酌參，循此應有助於達成防杜公共決策偏誤與改善公共政策素質的理想。

關鍵字

疫情危機；社區防疫；公眾知覺價值；風險溝通行為；問題解決情境理論；社會判斷理論

並列摘要

With the coming of the COVID-19 crisis, the concept of diseases prevention has arisen. Based on the public conflicts occurred between multiple groups in the process of anti-virus, practitioners and scholars started to pay more attentions on theories and practices regarding relative issues globally, especially on public health and community diseases prevention. Reflections on the ethics of Social Experimentation (Dunn, 2008), social scientists are increasingly engaging in experimental research projects of importance for the perceived values of public policy. Under such circumstances, the study works hard to de-structure the problem of public perceived value and risk communication and behavior in community diseases prevention under the epidemic crisis from the analytical perspective of Situational Theory of Problem Solving(STPS)(Kim and Grunig, 2011). For the reason illustrated above, the author engaged in the issue about public health and then focus research objectives on the cognition of community diseases prevention between multiple groups in Tainan. The purposes of this research are as follows. Specifically, we did the empirical research with Social Judgement Theory(SJT) developed by Hammond (1965) so as to clarify the public perceived value in community diseases prevention under three kinds of crisis situations. Under those kinds of situations, we also explored the differences of cognitions on risk communication and behavior between groups in the second-period study. To sum up, we made efforts to decompose the cognition on community diseases prevention as well as risk communication and behavior in Tainan communities on the basis of social experimentation and from the analytical perspective of Situational Theory of Problem Solving systematically and comprehensively so as to make theoretical and practical suggestions.

並列關鍵字

Public Perceived Value ； Risk Communication and Behavior ； Community Diseases Prevention ； Epidemic Crisis ； Situational Theory of Problem Solving(STPS) ； Social Judgement Theory(SJT)

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