功能性評估對自閉症幼兒問題行為處理之成效研究

A Study on the Results of Functional Assessment in Handling Problem Behavior of an Autistic Child

張翠娥(Tsuey-Er Chang)

《人文社會電子學報》 6卷2期 (2010/09) Pp. 19-41

https://doi.org/10.30134/STOSHSS.201009.0002

摘要

本研究以一位台灣高雄地區在學前融合班級接受教育的五歲自閉症幼兒為研究對象，透過直接觀察、相關人士資料蒐集法及功能分析等三種功能性評量方式，採用單一受試研究A-B-A 撤回設計。研究實施為期十二週，分為基線期、處理期與維持期三階段進行，採目視分析法分析受試行為改變情形。目的在探討功能性評量及行為介入策略對改善自閉症幼兒問題行為及建立適當行為的執行效能。研究結果發現如下：一、使用功能性評量能有效瞭解自閉症幼兒問題行為的發生原因及其動機，有助於形成問題行為功能假設。二、利用功能性評量分析結果能為自閉症幼兒設計出有效的問題行為介入策略，能降低問題行為發生頻率，且具有維持效果。三、以功能性評量為基礎的行為介入策略能降低自閉症幼兒問題行為，適當替代行為建立之效果顯著。本研究並針對實務教學及未來研究提出建議。

關鍵字

單一受試研究 ； 功能性評量 ； 自閉症幼兒 ； 嚴重行為問題

並列摘要

This study took a five-year-old autistic child who was a student in an inclusion class of Taiwan's Kaohsiung area as the research subject. It was carried out through three kinds of functional assessment methods: direct observations, collecting data from related people, and functional analysis. According to the results of the functional assessment, this study formed a functional hypothesis for problem behavior and an individualized behavior intervention education program was designed. An A-B-A withdrawal design implementation was used for single-subject testing. This study, which included: baseline, treatment and maintenance phases, persisted for 12 weeks. The technique of visual inspection was applied to the data analysis. The goal was to use functional assessment to investigate the foundational strategy of behavior intervention strategies in improving problem behavior in an autistic child and to establish administration efficiency for suitable behavior. The major results of the research include: 1. The use of functional assessment can be effective in understanding the reasons for the occurrence and motivations of problem behavior in an autistic child. The problem behavior of the autistic child who received testing was employed for forming a problem behavior functional hypothesis. 2. By using the results from the functional assessment analysis, effective problem intervention strategies could be designed for the autistic child. The frequency of the occurrence of problem behavior was reduced, and the outcome was very positive. 3. Using functional behavior assessment as a foundation, behavior intervention strategies can reduce problem behavior in an autistic child. The results were significant for the establishment of suitable substitute behavior. This study was also directed at practical service in education and addressed recommendations for future research.

並列關鍵字

single subject research ； functional assessment ； early childhood autism ； behavioral problems