新興毒品混合包之發展動向與市場交易模式

The Developments and Market Trading Model of New Psychoactive Substance Mix

楊士隆(Shu-Lung Yang) ； 鄭元皓(Yuan-Hao Cheng) ； 林世智(Shih-Chih Lin)

《藥物濫用防治》 4卷3期 (2019/09) Pp. 59-80

https://doi.org/10.6645/JSAR.201909_4(3).3

摘要

近年新興影響精神物質（New Psychoactive Substance，簡稱NPS）以咖啡包、奶茶包、梅片等混合形式在各城市販售，對青少年族群等構成嚴重之身心危害。在科技部人文社會科學研究中心的支持下，本研究蒐集國內外新近研究文獻與統計，並於2018年10月邀請4名第一線警察實務專家及檢察官等針對咖啡奶茶毒品等混合包之市場交易、行銷模式與犯罪特性，進行焦點團體訪談（Focus Group interview），同時也針對具販賣新興毒品經驗之5名受刑人進行深度訪談。研究結果初步發現新興毒品混合包與傳統毒品在使用族群、交易手段、市場模式、查緝影響等均有不同，敘述如下:一、新興毒品與俱樂部用藥的族群有高度重疊，以年輕人為主，追求同儕認同及新鮮感，與朋友一起使用，使用地點以家裡、賓館、KTV、夜店等地點為多數。二、製造地點在都會區的日租套房、汽車旅館、管理式大樓居多，交易地點則在娛樂場所，主要商談管道多以網路作為橋梁。三、主要混用之毒品以卡西酮類、K他命、色胺類、合成大麻素等二、三級毒品為主要藥物，純度約落在1-5%。四、新興毒品混合包之內容物仍多以二、三級毒品為主，背後多有組織犯罪團體支持。五、在查緝面，因新興毒品混合包內容物繁雜，無法第一時間確定是否為毒品，故難以進行聲請羈押，僅能處以不起訴處分，判決上亦無法妥適量刑。六、新興毒品混合包因有著多型態樣貌、刑罰風險較低、成癮性較低。本研究亦針對研究結果提供討論與政策建議，宜加強預防宣導與熱點取締並與娛樂場所經營者共同合作以達預防之效，並挹注資源與經費於未來嚴刑化修法與檢驗面等。

關鍵字

新興毒品混合包 ； 毒品市場 ； 卡西酮類 ； 交易模式

並列摘要

In recent years, New Psychoactive Substance (NPS), that comes in alternative market names, has spread at staggering rates in various countries and has been sold in a number of forms: coffee sachets, milk tea sachets, dried prunes, etc., causing serious physical and psychological harm on young people. With the support of the humanities and social sciences researches of the Ministry of Science and Technology, this study reviews recent literatures and statistics and invited four front-line police practitioners and prosecutors in October 2018 to conduct focus group interviews, targeting the market trading, marketing model, and criminal characteristics of drug mixes in coffee and milk tea sachets. At the same time, in-depth interviews with five inmates who had NPS sales experience were conducted. The research results and preliminary findings are as follows: 1. NPS users and club drug user show a high degree of overlap. Currently, NPS mix abusers comprise mainly of young people, most of whom in the pursuit of peer recognition and a sense of novelty use drugs to enjoy with friends. They generally use drugs at home and in hotels, KTV lounges, and nightclubs. 2. Drug manufacturing locations include day-rent suites, motels, and managed buildings in metropolitan areas; trading locations include night clubs, KTV lounges, and other entertainment venues. As for the main channel for negotiation, unlike conventional drugs traded face to face and over the phone, NPS mixes are mostly traded through the Internet, communication software, and online games as the bridge. 3. The NPS mix mainly contains cathinone, ketamine, tryptamines, synthetic cannabinoids, and other Schedule 2 and Schedule 3 drugs, with about 1-5% purity. 4. The content of NPS mix mostly consists of Schedule 2 and Schedule 3 drugs. Transporting illegal drugs internationally in bulks is impossible without the support of organized criminal rings, and there is a close link between domestic NPS trading and criminal organizations. 5. For the investigation side, the complex contents of NPS mix, it is difficult to determine whether there is illegal drug content, hence, suspects are unable to prosecute. Besides, restricted by existing legal provisions, most suspects can only be dealt with by non-prosecutorial disposition, while the limitations jurisprudence in the verdict impedes proper sentencing difficulty. 6. NPS mix that comes in diverse forms has gradually become a trend due to the lower risk of arrest and penalty, lower physical dependence, and low crossing threshold for using drugs.

並列關鍵字

NPS mix ； drug market ； cathinone ； trade mode